An example:
\def\stretch#1{\z@ \@plus #1fill\relax}
against
\def\stretch#1{\z@ plus #1fill\relax}
The former needs to store nine tokens, the latter thirteen. Every time \@plus is used in a definition, there's a gain of four tokens. The kernel uses \@plus fifteen times, so the net gain is 60 tokens.
There are also 26 and 27 appearances of \@height and \@width respectively.
It may seem rather small, but it allowed LaTeX to run in the nineties. Not to mention \z@ that can stand for 0 as a constant or 0pt as a dimension. In the former case the gain is one token per appearance (one for the characters and one for the trailing space).
\@plusis one token andplusis four (each letter) – daleif Jan 12 '23 at 12:54