Concise way of stepping through code in beamer

Question

This question is similar to Using Beamer to step through an algorithm written in pseudocode. but not tied to any particular environment. I prefer minted, but any other similar environment that can accomplish what I want is acceptable.

I want to step through an algorithm in beamer on a two-column frame. The left column should highlight the current line and the right column should show the execution state. MWE:

\documentclass{beamer}
\usepackage{minted}
\setminted[python]{autogobble}
\begin{document}
\begin{frame}[fragile]{Running code}
  \begin{columns}
    \begin{column}{0.50\textwidth}
      \begin{overprint}
        \onslide<1>
        \begin{minted}[highlightlines={1}]{python}
          N = 5
          i = 0
          lst = []
          while i < N:
              lst.append(i)
              i = i + 1
        \end{minted}
        \onslide<2>
        \begin{minted}[highlightlines={2}]{python}
          N = 5
          i = 0
          lst = []
          while i < N:
              lst.append(i)
              i = i + 1
        \end{minted}
        \onslide<3>
        \begin{minted}[highlightlines={3}]{python}
          N = 5
          i = 0
          lst = []
          while i < N:
              lst.append(i)
              i = i + 1
        \end{minted}
        \onslide<4>
        \begin{minted}[highlightlines={4}]{python}
          N = 5
          i = 0
          lst = []
          while i < N:
              lst.append(i)
              i = i + 1
        \end{minted}
      \end{overprint}
    \end{column}
    \begin{column}{0.50\textwidth}
      Defined variables here and explanations of the highlighted line,
      etc.
    \end{column}
  \end{columns}
\end{frame}
\end{document}

While the above method "works", it is unpractical because it causes way too much code bloat. Is there a better method? Something like this would be nice:

\begin{minted}[highlighted_line_on_beamer_slide={1,2,3,4,5,6,4,5,6,4,5,6}]{python}
    N = 5
    i = 0
    lst = []
    while i < N:
        lst.append(i)
        i = i + 1
\end{minted}

Answer 1

You could use the lstlinebgrd package (with a patch from https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/451538/36296)

\documentclass{beamer}
\usepackage{listings}
\makeatletter
\let\old@lstKV@SwitchCases\lstKV@SwitchCases
\def\lstKV@SwitchCases#1#2#3{}
\makeatother
\usepackage{lstlinebgrd}
\makeatletter
\let\lstKV@SwitchCases\old@lstKV@SwitchCases
\lst@Key{numbers}{none}{%
    \def\lst@PlaceNumber{\lst@linebgrd}%
    \lstKV@SwitchCases{#1}%
    {none:\%
     left:\def\lst@PlaceNumber{\llap{\normalfont
                \lst@numberstyle{\thelstnumber}\kern\lst@numbersep}\lst@linebgrd}\%
     right:\def\lst@PlaceNumber{\rlap{\normalfont
                \kern\linewidth \kern\lst@numbersep
                \lst@numberstyle{\thelstnumber}}\lst@linebgrd}%
    }{\PackageError{Listings}{Numbers #1 unknown}@ehc}}
\makeatother
\makeatletter
\newcommand*{\slideinframe}{\number\beamer@slideinframe}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\begin{frame}[fragile]
\begin{lstlisting}[%
  language=python, 
  linebackgroundcolor={%
    \ifnum\slideinframe=\value{lstnumber}\color{red}\fi
  },
  escapechar=@
]
N = 5
i = 0
lst = []
while i < N:
    lst.append(i)
    i = i + 1 @\pause[\value{lstnumber}]@
\end{lstlisting}
\end{frame}
\end{document}

For showing the while loop multiple times, you could use the \againframe macro:

\documentclass{beamer}
\usepackage{listings}
\makeatletter
\let\old@lstKV@SwitchCases\lstKV@SwitchCases
\def\lstKV@SwitchCases#1#2#3{}
\makeatother
\usepackage{lstlinebgrd}
\makeatletter
\let\lstKV@SwitchCases\old@lstKV@SwitchCases
\lst@Key{numbers}{none}{%
    \def\lst@PlaceNumber{\lst@linebgrd}%
    \lstKV@SwitchCases{#1}%
    {none:\%
     left:\def\lst@PlaceNumber{\llap{\normalfont
                \lst@numberstyle{\thelstnumber}\kern\lst@numbersep}\lst@linebgrd}\%
     right:\def\lst@PlaceNumber{\rlap{\normalfont
                \kern\linewidth \kern\lst@numbersep
                \lst@numberstyle{\thelstnumber}}\lst@linebgrd}%
    }{\PackageError{Listings}{Numbers #1 unknown}@ehc}}
\makeatother
\makeatletter
\newcommand*{\slideinframe}{\number\beamer@slideinframe}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\begin{frame}[label=foo,fragile]
\begin{lstlisting}[%
  language=python, 
  linebackgroundcolor={%
    \ifnum\slideinframe=\value{lstnumber}\color{red}\fi
  },
  escapechar=@
]
N = 5
i = 0
lst = []
while i < N:
    lst.append(i)
    i = i + 1 @\pause[\value{lstnumber}]@
\end{lstlisting}
\end{frame}
\againframe<4->{foo}
\againframe<4->{foo}
\againframe<4->{foo}
\againframe<4->{foo}
\end{document}