(I've created this posting mainly so that the query can be considered to have received a "complete" answer.)
It would appear that you haven't run biber in between LaTeX runs. In the case the biblatex package is in use, a full compilation cycle is pdflatex - biber - pdflatex. (If you use LuaLaTeX or XeLaTeX instead of pdfLaTeX, make the appropriate substitution.)
I hope I don't sound needlessly harsh, but your code contains a number of serious weaknesses which you must address.
In terms of substance, the bib entry you've shown is (a) missing an author (Guy Noble) and (b) lists an incorrect publication year (you write 2016, but it's actually 2013). You really, really need to correct such errors of substance. I hope you agree.
I'd also get rid of code clutter caused by redundant items such as curly braces, { and }. E.g., I'd replace title = {Museums, {Health} and {Well}-{Being}}, with title = {Museums, Health and Well-Being},. Removing code clutter is not only aesthetically satisfying, but it also makes debugging a lot easier.
Finally, in terms of LaTeX coding efficiency, don't load obsolete packages (such as times), do load some very useful packages (such as xurl), and do remove unnecessary/pointless instructions (such as \fontsize{12pt}{14pt}\selectfont and the final \clearpage).

\documentclass[12pt]{book}
%% Create 'library.bib' on the fly":
\begin{filecontents}[overwrite]{library.bib}
@book{chatterjee_museums_2016,
edition = {1},
title = {Museums, Health and Well-Being},
isbn = {978-1-315-59654-9},
url = {https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781315596549},
publisher = {Routledge},
author = {Chatterjee, Helen and Noble, Guy},
year = {2013},
}
\end{filecontents}
%%\usepackage{times} % <-- 'times' package is obsolete
\usepackage{newtxtext,newtxmath}
\usepackage{emptypage}
\usepackage[style=chicago-authordate]{biblatex} % 'biber' is the default backend nowadays
\addbibresource{library.bib}
\usepackage{xurl} % allow linebreaks in URLs everywhere
\urlstyle{same}
\begin{document}
%%\fontsize{12pt}{14pt}\selectfont % <-- unnecessary
\frontmatter %% <-- new
\tableofcontents
\mainmatter %% <-- new
\chapter{Introduction}
A citation call-out: \cite{chatterjee_museums_2016}.
\printbibliography
%%\clearpage % <-- unnecessary
\end{document}
file.texthen typepdflatex filethenbiber filethenpdflatex filethenpdflatex file. If you get your editor to run commands for you, it probably has a menu item somewhere – David Carlisle Feb 10 '23 at 17:50pdflatex) on your file. See https://tex.stackexchange.com/q/63852/35864. If you need help with your editor, see https://tex.stackexchange.com/q/154751/35864. – moewe Feb 11 '23 at 07:29