I use VS code with the Latex workshop on Mac and it works perfectly fine when writing a paper. But I don't understand "pdflatex", "mactex", "texlive" or something other people are saying
What are the essential components to compile a paper using Mac? How can I check what is working behind my VS code? (I don't remember what I installed so far to make my environment possible )

pdflatexin this case). TeXLive is a distribution, that is, a software bundle that containspdflatexbut also a lot of helpful other software and packages. And MacTeX finally is an application that installs TeXLive on your computer. – Jasper Habicht Nov 27 '23 at 09:58