Error: "Missing \endcsname"

Question

I have a problem when compiling my Latex file. The problem seems to be the

• babel-package \usepackage[english,ngerman]{babel} (because the error goes away if I delete this line)
• the xsim-package
• and the tikz code (the line \pic[draw,thick,<-,angle radius=.7cm,"$\alpha$" opacity=1] {angle=p--o--px};)

I get the error like: Missing \endcsname inserted

Maybe there are more than just one error. Can you help me to get rid of the error?

Edit: I've tried to use use-files, as well as \AtBeginEnvironment{auf}{\shorthandoff{"}}. They did not work but \shorthandoff{"} and \shorthandon{"} worked in the end.

Interestingly I can compile the file with an older Mac (and an older version of TeXShop).

Here a MWE

\documentclass[11pt, a4paper, parskip=half]{scrartcl}
\usepackage[english,ngerman]{babel} 
\usepackage{amsmath, amsfonts, amssymb} 
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{angles,quotes,babel,3d}
\usepackage{xsim}
\usepackage{needspace}
\DeclareExerciseType{auf}{
exercise-env= auf,
solution-env= lsg,
exercise-name=Aufgabe ,
solution-name= Losung,
exercise-template= default ,
solution-template= default}
\begin{document}
\begin{auf}
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1,>=latex,font= \footnotesize]
\newcommand\rr{1.2};
\newcommand\angl{-30};
\draw (0,0) coordinate(o) circle (\rr);
\draw[->] (-\rr1.2,0) -- (\rr1.2,0) coordinate(px) coordinate (x axis) node[below] {$x$}; 
\draw (o) -- ({\angl}:\rr) coordinate(p) ++ (0:{\rrcos(\angl)});
\pic[draw,thick,<-,angle radius=.7cm,"$\alpha$" opacity=1] {angle=p--o--px};
 \draw[domain=0:-360,thick,samples=50] plot ({cos(\x)(0.6-0.1\x/360)}, {sin(\x)(0.6-0.1\x/360)});
\draw[fill=white] (p) circle (2pt) node[above right] {$P$};
\draw[fill=black] (p) circle (0.3pt);
\draw[->] (0,-\rr1.2) -- (0,\rr*1.2) coordinate (y axis) node[left] {$y$};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{auf}
\end{document}