I would like to use pgfplots command nodes near coords to get a
list of named node ((no1), (no2), (no3) etc.) that I can use
afterwards to draw some paths that I fail to construct with pgfplots
only.
I suppose it would need to use scatter/@post marker code but I did
not understand very well that part of the manual (p. 82).
Actually, if nodes near coords is a redefinition of scatter/@pre
marker code so I suppose I don't really need nodes near coords and
could use a altered scatter.
I did not find however the code defining nodes near cords in the
manual and got lost into the huge code files of pgfplots.
Here is an example taken from the pgfplots manual that could
constitute a minimum example:
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[nodes near coords]
\addplot+[only marks] coordinates {
(0.5,0.2) (0.2,0.1) (0.7,0.6)
(0.35,0.4) (0.65,0.1)};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
Unfortunately I just do not know if that is really part of the answer.

pgfplotscomes with some sort of "step node counter" on its own: you can substitutename=#1-\thecoordnodebyname=#1-\coordindex. – Christian Feuersänger Aug 16 '14 at 06:04