Edit: Duplicate-clickers, please read on - I believe this case is different, for the following reasons:
a) As I said in original post, I am not printing with Acrobat, but using Skim and Mac OSX preview. In fact, Acrobat prints the colors correctly!
b) If it were the said problem, then the suggested solution by Martin Heller (pdf page attributes / transparency) should cure it. But it does not.
c) I did further tests, because I found that OpenOffice also uses cairo (the PDF engine used by Inkscape). So, to really rule out Inkscape/cairo, I created the included PDF file from printing a HTML file into pdf (on OSX), that included both a single-colored png image and a plain colored area (style="background:#67b737"). I additionally included the png directly in LaTeX (includegraphics), besides the pdf.
Result:
1) The plain HTML color prints correctly and matches the LaTeX color.
2) The png in the included pdf file prints in the wrong color (too light).
3) Also the directly included png prints in the wrong color!!
4) As before, Acrobat Reader prints the colors correctly.
From 3) I conclude that it is not specifically a problem of including PDFs.
I found the long answer in PDF color model and LaTeX very informative, and I tried the pdfx package to create a PDF/A (a-1b), but it did not seem to help in my case, or maybe I missed something...
My test pages are piling up, and I am still clueless.
Any ideas?
I have a feeling that maybe things behave differently on Mac OSX, because color management seems to be implemented differently. But does this explain my findings? Still, printing my PDF on a Linux PC (using okular) produces the same color mismatch.
Possible Duplicate:
\includegraphics PDF, color problem
I use Inkscape to design a cover page (rgb colors), and save the file as pdf.
In LaTeX (pdflatex), I include the pdf using the wallpaper package, and write some title text on that same page (reason: title should be editable in LaTeX code without using inkscape, and wallpaper because I need the title running across the graphics, not below it).
For the title text in LaTeX, I use exactly the same rgb color as for my graphics in inkscape.
On screen, all looks ok (using Skim or Mac OSX Preview).
When I print the PDF, the title text has a clearly different color than the graphics from inkscape!
The resulting pdf is here
Printout:

Minimal working example:
\documentclass[11pt]{amsart}
\usepackage{wallpaper}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\definecolor{mygreen}{rgb}{0.404, 0.718, 0.216} %% equivalent to 103,183,55
% \pdfpageattr {/Group << /S /Transparency /I true /CS /DeviceRGB>>} (Martin Heller) does not solve the problem
\begin{document}
\ThisULCornerWallPaper{1}{Colortest-OO}
\textbf{\Huge{\color{mygreen}LaTeX - 103,183,55}}\\
\textbf{\Huge{\color{mygreen}LaTeX - 103,183,55}}
\end{document}
I believe it is not this and not directly this problem.
A funny thing is:
When I take the output pdf (from LaTeX) and include it in a second LaTeX file (again with wallpaper or with includegraphics), the final pdf has matching colors.
How weird is that!?
To summarize my problem:
I dont need exact color reproduction.
But I want my PDF document to have consistent colors for the same rgb values.
What I tried so far:
- Fiddle with CMYK and color profiles in Inkscape. I came to the conclusion that it should not matter as long as I stay with plain RGB in both InkScape and LaTeX.
- Fiddle with color model in the PDF by converting color space with Acobat Pro before including it in LaTeX... a lot of possibilities, no clear success.
- Rule out Inkscape. I created a PDF with NeoOffice (OpenOffice) and included it in LaTeX. Problem remains.
- I tried specifying the rgb option in
\usepackage[rgb]{xcolor}. No difference. - Updated my MacTeX to 2012. No difference.
Any ideas what is going on here?
It would be greatly appreciated.