tikz-qtree with scope ? (how to draw the Cayley formula)

Question

I want to make a tree for the Cayley formula as this :

(But with a vertical layout)

I can use the tikz-qtree environments as show in section 1 below

I can draw the graph as show in section 2

But if I try to put a graph as a node of the tree ... big bug ! Nodeway i use the scope tp put the sub-fig in the other ! But without success.

I can't find a anwser in this forum or with the Google-friend.

Here's a exemple :

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[a4paper]

\usepackage[ansinew]{inputenc}
\usepackage[french]{babel}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{microtype}

\usepackage{color,xcolor}
\usepackage{etex} % pour supprimer l'erreur 'No rom for new dim' avec tikz (avant Titz)
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{tikz-qtree}
\usetikzlibrary{scopes}

\begin{document}

\tikzset{%                      
    ptn/.style={% node point for caeyley
                    circle, 
                    inner sep=0.7pt,
                    fill=black,
                    draw
                    },
    pthb/.style={% path black for caeyley
                    thin, draw=darkgray},   
    pthr/.style={% path red for caeyley
                    thick, draw=red},                                   
    }

\section{Tree only}


      \begin{tikzpicture}
      \tikzset{execute at begin node=\strut}
      \tikzset{level distance=40pt}   
      \tikzset{frontier/.style ={distance from root=120pt}}
      \tikzset{edge from parent/.append style= %
      {draw,edge from parent path={(\tikzparentnode.south) -- +(0,-8pt) -| (\tikzchildnode)}}
      }   
      \Tree 
      [.Root 
        [.A 
            [.AA BB CC ] C  
            ] 
        [.B BB  
        ] 
      ]
    \end{tikzpicture}  


\section{Graph only}

        \begin{tikzpicture}%
        [x=5mm, y=5mm, semithick,every loop/.style={max distance = 2mm,looseness=60}]
        \node[ptn] (a) at (0,0) {};
        \node[ptn] (b) at (0,1) {};
        \node[ptn] (c) at (1,0) {};
        \node[ptn] (d) at (1,1) {};                               
        \path[pthb] 
        (a) edge (b) edge (c) 
        (d) edge (b) edge (c);
        \path[pthr] (a) edge (d);
    \end{tikzpicture}

\section{Graph in the tree ?}   

      \begin{tikzpicture}
      \tikzset{execute at begin node=\strut}
      \tikzset{level distance=40pt}   
      \tikzset{frontier/.style ={distance from root=120pt}} 
      \tikzset{edge from parent/.append style= % 
      {draw,edge from parent path={(\tikzparentnode.south) -- +(0,-8pt) -| (\tikzchildnode)}}
      \tikzset{every loop/.style={max distance = 2mm,looseness=60}}
      }   
      \Tree 
      [.\begin{scope}%[x=3mm,y=3mm,semithick]
        \node[ptn] (a) at (0,0) {};
        \node[ptn] (b) at (0,1) {};
        \node[ptn] (c) at (1,0) {};
        \node[ptn] (d) at (1,1) {};                               
        \path[pthb] 
        (a) edge (b) edge (c) edge (d)
        (d) edge (b) edge (c);
      \end{scope}   
        [.A 
            [.AA BB CC ] C  
            ] 
        [.B BB  
        ] 
      ]
    \end{tikzpicture} 

\end{document}

How can I solve this ?

Answer 1

Where you write \begin{scope} you are already inside a node. Here TikZ macros are deactivated. You will need the tikzpicture environment around it.

Though, I would go another approach and use simple nodes with append after command. The idea is taken from my answer to Graphs in commutative diagrams in TikZ.

Another approach would be to use a \matrix at the place of a node (which is just a node from the type matrix) where on can place arbitrary TikZ code in it.

I use forest here but if you can easily access the nodes in tikz-qtree the same approach should be applicable.

---

It has been reported that the code shown below does not work with TikZ’s official 2.10 version. This can be solved by replacing the \tikzset{aac/.style=… command with

\forestset{append after command/.style={tikz={%
  \path[late options={name=\forestoption{name},append after command={#1}}];}},
  aac/.style={
    append after command={[shift=(\tikzlastnode.center),
      x={($(\tikzlastnode.east)-(\tikzlastnode.center)$)},
      y={($(\tikzlastnode.north)-(\tikzlastnode.center)$)}, #1]}}}

making both append after command and aac a /forest style.

---

It should be noted that the options given with the shift, the x and the y key can also be expressed without calc’s notation if PGF macros are used, i.e.:

\pgfextra{\pgftransformshift{\pgfpointanchor{\tikzlastnode}{center}}%
  \pgfsetxvec{\pgfpointdiff{\pgfpointanchor{\tikzlastnode}{center}}
             {\pgfpointanchor{\tikzlastnode}{east}}}%
  \pgfsetyvec{\pgfpointdiff{\pgfpointanchor{\tikzlastnode}{center}}
             {\pgfpointanchor{\tikzlastnode}{north}}}}

Code

\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usepackage{forest}
\tikzset{aac/.style={
    append after command={[shift=(\tikzlastnode.center),% every edge/.append style={opacity=.5},
      x={($(\tikzlastnode.east)-(\tikzlastnode.center)$)},
      y={($(\tikzlastnode.north)-(\tikzlastnode.center)$)}, #1]}}}
\tikzset{
  dot/.style={shape=circle,fill,draw,inner sep=+0pt, minimum size=+2pt},
  % squares
  square/.style={insert path={\foreach \a[count=\c] in {45,135,225,315}{(\a:.7) node[dot] (s-\c) {}}}},
  square U/.style={square,insert path={(s-3) edge (s-4) edge (s-2) (s-4) edge (s-1)}},
  square O/.style={square U, insert path={(s-1) edge (s-2)}},
  square Oslash/.style={square O, insert path={(s-2) edge (s-4)}},
  % triangles (the yshift is not good)
  triangle/.style={yshift=+1.5pt, insert path={\foreach \a[count=\c] in {30, 150, 270} {(\a:.7) node[dot] (t-\c) {}}}},
  triangle V/.style={triangle, insert path={(t-3) edge (t-1) edge (t-2)}},
  triangle full/.style={triangle V, insert path={(t-1) edge (t-2)}},
  % ring2
  ring2/.style={insert path={edge[to path={circle [radius=.5]}]() (up:.5) coordinate[dot] (r2-1) (down:.5) coordinate[dot] (r2-2)}},
  % ring3
  ring3/.style={insert path={(0,0) coordinate (r3-1) (left:.7) coordinate (r3-2) (right:.7) coordinate (r3-3)}},
  ring3 o.o/.style={ring3, insert path={
    (r3-1) edge[to path={arc[radius=.35, start angle=0,   delta angle=360]}] ()
           edge[to path={arc[radius=.35, start angle=180, delta angle=360]}] ()
           node[dot]{}}},
  ring3 .o.o/.style={ring3 o.o, insert path={(r3-2) node[dot]{}}},
  ring3 .o.o./.style={ring3 .o.o, insert path={(r3-3) node[dot]{}}},
  ring3 o.-./.style={ring3, insert path={
    (r3-1) coordinate[dot] (@) edge[to path={arc[radius=.35, start angle=0, delta angle=360]}] ()
                       (r3-3) node[dot] {} edge (@)}},
  ring3 .o.-./.style={ring3 o.-., insert path={(r3-2) node[dot]{}}},
  % misc
  just a line/.style={insert path={(left:.75) coordinate[dot] (@) (right:.75) node[at end, dot]{} edge (@)}}
}
\begin{document}
\begin{forest} for tree={node options={minimum size=+15pt}},
[,aac=square Oslash
  [,aac=ring3 .o.o.
    [,aac=ring3 .o.o
      [,aac=ring3 o.-.]
      [,aac=ring3 o.o]
    ]
    [,aac=ring3 .o.-.
      [,rotate=-90, aac={ring3 o.-.}]
      [,aac=triangle V]
    ]
  ]
  [,aac=square O
    [,aac=square U]
    [,aac=triangle full
      [,aac=ring2
        [,aac=ring3 o.o]
        [,aac=just a line]
      ]
      [,aac=triangle V]
    ]
  ]
]
\end{forest}

Output