If you are happy with harpoons, you can use xleftrightharpoons from mathtools
\documentclass[12pt,letterpaper]{article}
\usepackage[utopia]{mathdesign}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{mhchem}
\usepackage{gensymb}
\begin{document}
\ce{A\rightleftarrows B}
\ce{A\xleftrightharpoons{\rule{2cm}{0pt}} B}
\ce{A\xleftrightharpoons{\hphantom{\hspace*{1cm}}} B}
\end{document}

\documentclass[12pt,letterpaper]{article}
\usepackage[utopia]{mathdesign}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{mhchem}
\usepackage{gensymb}
\begin{document}
\ce{A\rightleftarrows B}
\ce{A\xleftrightharpoons{\text{my reaction}} B}
\end{document}

Another variant:
\documentclass[12pt,letterpaper]{article}
\usepackage[utopia]{mathdesign}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{mhchem}
\usepackage{gensymb}
\newcommand{\myrightleftarrows}[1]{\mathrel{\substack{\xrightarrow{#1} \\[-.9ex] \xleftarrow{#1}}}}
\begin{document}
\ce{A\rightleftarrows B}
\ce{A\myrightleftarrows{\rule{2cm}{0cm}} B} %%% change 2cm as you wish
\end{document}
