In this MWE, I can put a minimu size by hand, but how determine it automaticaly: let say max width of the two nodes + 4pt on each side ?

\documentclass[french]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\pgfkeys{/tikz/.cd,
BLS/.store in=\BLS,
BLS=\baselineskip
}
\begin{document}
\tikzset{%
TDPnode/.style={outer sep=0pt,inner sep=1pt,
minimum height=\BLS,draw},
TDPetq/.style={TDPnode,anchor=north east},
}
\begin{tikzpicture}[yscale=-1,
TDPetq/.append style={minimum width=1.5cm}
]
\node[TDPetq] (A0) at (0,0) {angle (degree)} ;
\node[TDPetq] (B0) at (0,\BLS) {temps (h)} ;
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

\pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\TDPew}{max(width("#1"),width("#2"))– Tarass Apr 28 '14 at 17:31