Multiple captions under a single figure

Question

I have a figure (lets say a picture of a couple ) for which I want two subcaptions (1 a that will be under the first half of the figure and will show the man and 1 b that will be under the second half of the picture and will show the woman).

I underline that there is only one figure that I want to caption as if there were two.

Answer 1

One example using subfig:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage[justification=centering]{subfig}
\usepackage[colorlinks]{hyperref}

\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[!h]
\centering
\hspace{-1cm}%
% png from http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens#mediaviewer/File:Human.svg
\includegraphics[trim=.5cm 20cm 2.2cm 0cm, clip,height=7cm]{Human} 
\subfloat[\label{man} This is a man waving.]{\hspace{.5\linewidth}}
\subfloat[\label{woman} This is a woman.]{\hspace{.5\linewidth}}
\caption[Man a woman]{Human specimens.\label{humans}}
\end{figure}

As you can see in figure \ref{humans}, there are two types
of humans specimens: those that greet you (\ref{man}) 
and those that left the arms down (\ref{woman}).

\listoffigures

\end{document}

If you have some conflict between subfig and hyperref, as noted by egreg cooment, you can use also the newest subcaption package. This example should produce the same output that above:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage[colorlinks]{hyperref}

\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[!h]

\centering
\hspace{-1cm}%
% png from http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens#mediaviewer/File:Human.svg
\includegraphics[trim=.5cm 20cm 2.2cm 0cm, clip,height=7cm]{/home/fran/Human} 

\begin{minipage}[t]{.5\linewidth}
\centering
\subcaption{This is a man waving.}\label{man}
\end{minipage}%
\begin{minipage}[t]{.5\linewidth}
\centering
\subcaption{This is a woman}\label{woman}
\end{minipage}
\caption[Man a woman]{Human specimens.\label{humans}}

\end{figure}

As you can see in figure \ref{humans}, there are two types
of humans specimens: those that greet you (\ref{man}) 
and those that left the arms down (\ref{woman}).

\listoffigures

\end{document}

If you want figure 1 and 2 (instead of 1a and 1b), simply use \caption instead of \subcaption inside the minipages (of course, then you do not need the subcaptionpackage).

Answer 2

You can have as many \caption as you need in a figure

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\begin{document}

\listoffigures


\begin{figure}[thp]
\begin{minipage}{.5\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics{man}
\caption{man}
\end{minipage}%
\begin{minipage}{.5\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics{woman}
\caption{woman}
\end{minipage}
\end{figure}

text .. text .. text .. text .. text .. 
text .. text .. text .. text .. text .. 
text .. text .. text .. text .. text .. 
text .. text .. text .. text .. text .. 

\end{document}

Answer 3

It's easy enough to fake.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{mwe}

\begin{document}
\listoffigures

\noindent\rule{\textwidth}{1pt}

\begin{figure}[h]
\refstepcounter{figure}% for label or hyperref
\addcontentsline{lof}{figure}{\numberline {\thefigure}{\ignorespaces man and woman}}%
\hfil\includegraphics{example-image}% old school centering

\medskip
\hfil\thefigure{ a) man}\hfil\thefigure{ b) woman}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[p]
\caption{normal caption}
\end{figure}
\end{document}