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I have a LaTeX file in lncs format named say paper.latex.

\documentclass[runningheads]{llncs}
...
\begin{document}
....

\bibliography{paper}
\end{document}

I have a separate paper.bib file.

But references not working.

But if I change it to

\begin{thebibliography}{}
...
\end{thebibliography}

in place of \bibliography{paper} giving references in .tex file itself, there is no problem.

Why this happens and how can I move forward with .bib file?

Stefan Pinnow
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jim
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    Have you run bibtex to generate the references and then run latex again to include them? – David Carlisle Jan 20 '15 at 11:58
  • Yes, done it. My .bbl file is empty. – jim Jan 20 '15 at 13:05
  • In that case you need to give more of a hint as to what your code looks like, preferably a complete small document and bib file that reproduces the problem, a row of dots doesn't give many clues. Do you have any \cite commands in your document? the bbl will be empty if you do not (if ypu provided an example, wouldn't need to ask...) – David Carlisle Jan 20 '15 at 13:16

1 Answers1

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If you have no \cite commands in your tex file then you have nothing to include into the references. If you just want to include all references without actually referring them, use \nocite{*}

Dmitry Barashev
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  • I have added a test \cite command added but ? displayed inside [] – jim Jan 20 '15 at 13:44
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    @jim you need to run latex, then bibtex, then latex again twice. See wikibooks: http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Bibliography_Management#Why_won.27t_LaTeX_generate_any_output.3F. Replace latex with whatever compiler you use – Dmitry Barashev Jan 20 '15 at 14:00
  • @jim here is an excellent answer http://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/63852/question-mark-instead-of-citation-number – Dmitry Barashev Jan 20 '15 at 14:02