Here is a simple solution that you could build on. You can use a \parbox for the authors and titles. By specifying that all the parboxes are the same width, they will align as though in a table. (EDIT You can also use a tabular: see below.)
There is no limit on the length, as each \work entry is treated as a paragraph and TeX will break between them as needed. You can control the spacing between entries by changing the \parskip (e.g., \usepackage{parskip}).
You could also make separate boxes for last name and first name, or apply other styling (e.g., all the last names in bold).
\documentclass{article}
\newlength{\authorwidth}
\newlength{\titlewidth}
\setlength{\authorwidth}{0.25\linewidth} % adjust as desired
\setlength{\titlewidth}{0.25\linewidth}
\newcommand{\work}[2]{%
\noindent
\parbox[t]{\authorwidth}{#1}%
\parbox[t]{\titlewidth}{\emph{#2}}\par%
}
\begin{document}
\work{John Doe}{Big Book}
\work{Jane Doe}{Bigger Book}
\work{Jim Doe}{Small Book}
\work{John Doe}{Big Book}
\work{Jane Doe}{Bigger Book}
\work{Jim Doe}{Small Book}
\work{John Doe}{Big Book}
\work{Jane Doe}{Bigger Book}
\work{Jim Doe}{Small Book}
\work{John Doe}{Big Book}
\work{Jane Doe}{Bigger Book}
\work{Jim Doe}{Small Book}
\end{document}

EDIT
For more customization, define a generic command to set up the boxes and then use that to make specific commands with formatting.
\newcommand{\pair}[2]{%
\noindent
\parbox[t]{\authorwidth}{#1}%
\parbox[t]{\titlewidth}{#2}\par%
}
\newcommand{\pairHeader}[2]{%
\pair{\textbf{#1}}{\textbf{#2}}\smallskip%
}
\newcommand{\work}[2]{%
\pair{#1}{\emph{#2}}%
}
\begin{document}
\pairHeader{Author}{Title}
\work{John Doe}{Big Book}
...
@egreg is right, though, that if the boxes are more than one line then there is not enough space after them, unless you fix the spacing manually as he demonstrates. But perhaps this isn't a concern.
EDIT 2: TABULAR VERSION
To fix that alignment problem, instead of using parboxes, you can use a one-row tabular environment for each row. With tabularx you only need to specify the width of the first column. This does produce "Underfull \hbox" warnings, though.
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\newlength{\authorwidth}
\setlength{\authorwidth}{0.5\linewidth} % adjust as desired
\newcommand{\pair}[2]{%
\noindent
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{p{\authorwidth} X}
#1 & #2\\
\end{tabularx}\par%
}
\newcommand{\pairHeader}[2]{%
\pair{\textbf{#1}}{\textbf{#2}}\smallskip%
}
\newcommand{\work}[2]{%
\pair{#1}{\emph{#2}}%
}
\begin{document}
\pairHeader{Author}{Title}
\work{John Doe}{Big Book}
\work{Jane Doe}{Bigger Book}
\work{Jim Doe}{Small Book}
\work{Jane Doe}{Bigger Book with a long title that will use two lines}
\work{Charles Louis Xavier~Joseph de~la Vall\'ee~Poussin}{Small Book}
\work{Adalbert Uthor}{All about authors}
\end{document}
