Possible Duplicate:
Blank lines in align environment
\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[version=3]{mhchem}
\usepackage{siunitx}
\begin{document}
\begin{align*}
\ce{K_a} & = \frac{\ce{[H3O+][A^-]}}{\ce{[HA]}} \\
\end{align*}
\end{document}
gives
Runaway argument?
\ce {K_a} & = \frac {\ce {[H3O+][A^-]}}{\ce {[HA]}} \\
! Paragraph ended before \align* was complete.
<to be read again>
\par
l.8
?
align*(oralign) environment, or indeed in display math. – Joseph Wright Sep 30 '11 at 08:21