I would recommend using biber (the default) instead of bibtex as the back end for using biblatex. With the standard author-year style, there are two main citation commands:
\textcite{} produces Author yyyy
\parencite{} produces (Author yyyy)
To get the comma between the name and the year, you need:
\renewcommand*{\nameyeardelim}{\addcomma\addspace}
So here's a complete example of what you want:
\documentclass{beamer}
\begin{filecontents}{\jobname.bib}
@book{Saussure1995,
Author = {Ferdinand de Saussure},
Publisher = {Payot},
Title = {Cours de Linguistique G{\'e}n{\'e}rale},
Year = {1995}}
\end{filecontents}
\usetheme{Madrid}
\usepackage[style=authoryear]{biblatex}
\renewcommand*{\nameyeardelim}{\addcomma\addspace}
\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}
\begin{document}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{A frame title}
\begin{itemize}
\item Langue et parole \parencite{Saussure1995}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\end{document}
For printing the bibliography, you should typically use [allowframebreaks] on the frame that contains the \printbibliography command.

\usepackageline? – Mike Renfro Jun 20 '16 at 02:58