How to fix the problem that the text does not show in the frame?

Question

How to fix the problem that the text does not show in the frame ?

like this:

\documentclass{beamer}
\usetheme{Madrid}

\begin{document}
\begin{frame}       
    $$
s=\{(x,y)\ |\ \text{$x\neq y$ and $x, y$ occur in the same row or column or have the same symbol} \},
    $$
 and
    $$
 f=X\times X-(1_X\cup s).
    $$      
\end{frame}
\end{document}

Answer 1

Long set descriptions are bad anyway, just use a sentence:

\documentclass{beamer}
\usetheme{Madrid}
\begin{document}

\begin{frame}

$s$ is the set of pairs $(x,y)$ such that
$x\neq y$ and $x$, $y$ occur in the same
row or column or have the same symbol, and
\[
f=X\times X-(1_X\cup s).
\]

\end{frame}

\end{document}

By the way, you should never use $$ in LaTeX, see Why is \[ ... \] preferable to $$ ... $$?

Also, instead of

\{ x\ |\ P(x) \}

you should use

\{ x \mid P(x) \}

Answer 2

See Why is \[ ... \] preferable to $$ ... $$?

How about:

\documentclass{beamer}
\usetheme{Madrid}

\usepackage{amsmath}

\begin{document}

\begin{frame}


    $ s = \left\{  (x,y) \mid x \neq y \right.$ and $x, y$ occur in the same row or column or have the same symbol $\left.\right\}$

    and

        \[
            f=X\times X-(1_X\cup s).
        \] 
\end{frame}
\end{document}