Draw a graph with lines, arrows and text

Question

How can I draw a graph like the one in the picture?

I'm fairly new to Latex and I only know that I can draw lines with \line or \hrule but I have no clue how to draw a graph like this...

In addition I would like to put two arrows in front of the horizontal line (in front of the day market), with some additional text (for two actions happening before the day market).

Answer 1

as starting point ...

\documentclass[tikz, margin=5pt]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
  TL/.style = {very thick, Bar[width=4mm]},% as Time Line :-)
tbox/.style = {font=\Large\bfseries\sffamily},
bbox/.style = {text width=4cm, align=left, inner sep=2mm}
                    ]
\draw[TL]                (-5,0) -- (5,0);
\draw[TL,densely dashed] (0,2mm) -- (0,-2mm);
%
\node [tbox,above]  at (-2.4,0) {DAY (DM)};
\node [tbox,above]  at ( 2.4,0) {NIGHT (CM)};
%
\node [bbox,below right] at (-5,0) {xx xx xx xxx xxx xxx xxx\\ 
                                    yy yy yyy yyy yyyy\\
                                    zzzzz zz zzzz z z zzz};
\node [bbox,below right] at (0,0) {xx xx xx xxx xxx xxx xxx\\
                                    yy yy yyy yyy yyyy\\
                                    zzzzz zz zzzz z z zzz};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Edit: instead of >={Bar[width=4mm]} is defined new style for vectors: Vect/.style = {very thick, Bar[width=4mm]} and accordingly changed code for line.

Answer 2

As @Christian Hupfer mentioned, Tikz is a good package to use. Try checking out this question for drawing a number line using tikz, which sounds like it is similar to what you want to do (without the numbers of course). As for the text below the line, you could use a table or tabular environment to accomplish that. I hope that helps.

Answer 3

I augmented the suggested code above with the following lines:

 \draw [very thick, <->]  (-5.5,0mm) -- (-5.5, -10mm);
 \draw [very thick, <->]  (-6.2,0mm) -- (-6.2, 10mm);
 \node [bbox,below right] at (-5.8,-1) {$\eta$};
 \node [bbox,above right] at (-6.5,1) {$\mu$};
 \end{tikzpicture}
 \end{frame}

With the following output:

As you can see the arrows are bars (I guess this has to do with: \begin{tikzpicture}[>={Bar[width=4mm]} or did I make a mistake in the code for the arrows?)

So the last step would be to draw arrows and not bars for the first two elements.

PS: regarding the forum policy: Which is the right way to answer the suggestion in the answer to my question (with new code and a picture)? 1. Edit my question? 2. Comment the answer? or 3. Write an own answer as I did now?

Answer 4

This gives the graph I planned to have. The code is based on the (original) answer of @Zarko:

 \begin{frame}
\frametitle{The Economy - Environment}
\center
\begin{tikzpicture}[>={Bar[width=4mm]},
tbox/.style ={font=\Large\bfseries\sffamily},
bbox/.style ={text width=4cm, align=left, inner sep=2mm}
                    ]
\draw[very thick,<->]  (-5,0) -- (5,0);
\draw[very thick,densely dashed]                     (0,2mm) -- (0,-2mm);
%
\node [tbox,above]  at (-2.4,0) {DAY (DM)};
\node [tbox,above]  at ( 2.4,0) {NIGHT (CM)};
%
\node [bbox,below right] at (-5,0) {xx xx xx xxx xxx xxx xxx\\ 
                                    yy yy yyy yyy yyyy\\
                                    zzzzz zz zzzz z z zzz};
\node [bbox,below right] at (0,0) {xx xx xx xxx xxx xxx xxx\\
                                    yy yy yyy yyy yyyy\\
                                    zzzzz zz zzzz z z zzz};
\tikzset{>=stealth}
\draw [very thick, <-]  (-5.5,0mm) -- (-5.5, -10mm);
\draw [very thick, <-]  (-6.2,0mm) -- (-6.2, 10mm);
\node [bbox,below right] at (-5.8,-1) {$\eta$};
\node [bbox,above right] at (-6.5,1) {$\mu$};            
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{frame}

Answer 5

Another easy solution with pstricks+auto-pst-pdf (to compile with pdflatex):

\documentclass[border =3pt]{standalone}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{lmodern
\usepackage{pst-node, auto-pst-pdf}

    \begin{document}

   \begin{pspicture}
\psset{unit=5, tbarsize =2ex, dotsep=1.5pt, shortput=nab}
\pnodes(0,0){B}(1,1ex){I}(1,-1ex){J}(1,0){K}(2,0){E}
\ncline{|-|}{B}{E}
\psset{linestyle=dotted}
\ncline{K}{I}\ncline{K}{J}
\nput[labelsep=0.75em]{-45}{B}{\footnotesize\parbox{4cm}{\small$ σ $ matches are formed. \\ Sellers produce $ q $. \\ Buyers transfer $ d . $}}
\nput[labelsep=0.75em]{-45}{K}{\parbox{4.2cm}{\small Agents trade money for goods at the competitive price $ \phi $. \\ Agents split apart. }}
\psset{linestyle=none}
\sffamily\bfseries
\ncline{B}{K}^{\Rnode{D}{DAY (DM)}}\nput[labelsep=1.5cm]{180}{D}{\normalfont\begin{tabular}{r}Some action $ \rightarrow $ \\Some other action $ \rightarrow $\end{tabular}}
\ncline{K}{E}^{NIGHT (CM)}
\end{pspicture}

    \end{document}