The label of a fit can be placed relatively to it like:
\documentclass[border=1pt]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{automata,positioning,fit,backgrounds}
\tikzstyle{back}=[rectangle,
fill=blue!30,
inner sep=0.2cm,
rounded corners=3mm]
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[shorten >=1pt,node distance=1cm,on grid,auto]
\node[] (1) {\textbf{1}};
\node[] (2) [right= of 1] {\textbf{2}};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node [back,
fit=(1) (2),
label=above:{\tiny Introduction}] {};
\end{pgfonlayer}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
But what if I want to shift that label, for example, to the right? How should I use \xshift in this case?


label={[xshift=2mm]above}:{\tiny Introduction}] {};doesn't work. – Nov 04 '17 at 07:03label={[xshift=2mm]above:{\tiny Introduction}}]works for me, you forgot a}after Introduction. – CarLaTeX Nov 04 '17 at 07:08label={ ... }, notlabel={..}:{..}. So the closing brace before the:is wrong, you want just{[xshift=2mm]above:\tiny Introduction}, which is the same construct as in jakun's answer. – Torbjørn T. Nov 04 '17 at 10:01