Equation Wrapping

Question

I have a long equation and I am trying to wrap it. Here is the code I am using.

\begin{eqnarray}
\begin{aligned}
0 = A f_d V_d C_x^d - A f_d V_d C_{x+\Delta x}^d \\
+ A \Delta k_m(C^b-C^d) 
+A\left(-D_e\frac{dC^d}{dx}\right)_x - A\left(-D_e\frac{dC^d}{dx}\right)_{x+\Delta x} \\
+ A\Delta\rho_c(1-f_b)(1-\varepsilon_d)R_A
\end{aligned}
\end{eqnarray}

The output is as follows:

I would like to move equation to left

Thanks in advance

Welcome to TeX.SX! Can you please expand the code snippet that you have posted to a full minimal working example. A MWE should compile and be as small as possible to demonstrate your problem. it's much easier to help you if we have full working code to start from. — , Nov 15 '17 at 18:02
you have used the align environment for multiple lines, but i don't see any & indicating alignment points. (& is ordinarily placed before signs of relation, and, with a \quad space following the &, before signs of operation.) since the second line is very long, it may just exceed the specified page width; in that case, breaking the second line earlier is probably a good idea. — barbara beeton, Nov 15 '17 at 18:07

egreg · Accepted Answer · 2017-11-15T18:19:29.043

You should never use eqnarray, see eqnarray vs align. Here the solution seems to be multline:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}

\begin{document}

\begin{multline}
0 = A f_d V_d C_x^d - A f_d V_d C_{x+\Delta x}^d \\
+ A \,\Delta k_m(C^b-C^d)
+A\left(-D_e\frac{dC^d}{dx}\right)_{\!x} - A\left(-D_e\frac{dC^d}{dx}\right)_{\!x+\Delta x} \\
+ A\,\Delta\rho_c(1-f_b)(1-\varepsilon_d)R_A
\end{multline}

\end{document}

I've made a couple of manual adjustments: \! in front of the subscripts following \right), so they are placed nearer the bottom of the parenthesis; I also added \, in front of \Delta when it follows a factor, in order to make clearer it is not a multiplier, but an operator.

You may want to define a command for this, so \Delta as an operator is distinguished from the letter.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}

\newcommand{\opDelta}{\mathop{}\!\Delta}

\begin{document}

\begin{multline}
0 = A f_d V_d C_x^d - A f_d V_d C_{x+\opDelta x}^d \\
+ A \opDelta k_m(C^b-C^d)
+A\left(-D_e\frac{dC^d}{dx}\right)_{\!x} - A\left(-D_e\frac{dC^d}{dx}\right)_{\!x+\opDelta x} \\
+ A\opDelta\rho_c(1-f_b)(1-\varepsilon_d)R_A
\end{multline}

\end{document}

A similar treatment should be used for the “differential d”:

\newcommand{\diff}{\mathop{}\!d}

Finally your image suggests the formula before “reads” is typed in as

$x$+$\Delta x$

which is wrong and should be

$x+\Delta x$

or, with the new command

$x+\opDelta x$

score 2 · Answer 2 · answered Nov 15 '17 at 19:07

Unless your textblock is unusually narrow, I can't see a (good) reason for using more than two lines to typeset the equation.

I suggest using a split environment inside an equation environment.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath} % for 'split' environment
\begin{document}
\begin{equation}
\begin{split}
0 &= A f^{}_d V^{}_d C_x^d 
   - A f^{}_d V^{}_d C_{x+\Delta x}^d 
   + A \Delta k_m(C^b-C^d) \\
&\quad + A\Bigl(\!-D_e\frac{dC^d}{dx}\Bigr)_{\!x} 
       - A\Bigl(\!-D_e\frac{dC^d}{dx}\Bigr)_{\!x+\Delta x} 
       + A\Delta\rho_c(1-f_b)(1-\varepsilon_d)R_A
\end{split}
\end{equation}
\end{document}

Equation Wrapping

2 Answers2