Bibliography in author year style with special entrys in custom appearance

Question

this week I already got some help on the following problem. I have to write a thesis with the bibliography in authoryear style. However, there are some special entry types like norms that have to appear differently. While books and articles work fine, a norm has to look like this in the bibliography:

DIN 18351-1:2006-10: Title, Version.

in the text I want: text text text (DIN 18351-1, 2010)

Here I got a first version of a skript that I tried to modify: Bibliography entry apart from author year style

In the original version, the text "DIN" was written manually in the text and in the bibliography by \printtext{DIN}. Now I tried to define a field like "institute", where I can write for example ISO, DIN, VDI and so on. I defined a new field "institute" by \DeclareFieldFormat[norm]{institute}{#1} and tried to replace \printtext{DIN ISO} by printfield{institute}, but it doesn't appear when I compile. And I also have the problem that, as there is no author, I don't know how it will sort in the end. If you could help me on that I'd be so grateful!

this is what I have got so far:

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage[
%style = alphabetic,
citestyle=authoryear-comp,
bibstyle=authoryear,
]{biblatex}

\usepackage{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents*}{\jobname.bib} 
@norm{diniso18351,
  title = {Title},
  number = {18351-1},
  version = {Entwurf},
  %pubstate = {DIN ISO 18351-1:2010-06},
  date = {2010-06},
  institute = {VDI}},
@book{Kaltschmitt.2003,
 year = {2003},
 title = {Erneuerbare Energien: Systemtechnik, Wirtschaftlichkeit, Umweltaspekte},
 address = {Berlin, Heidelberg and s.l.},
 edition = {dritte, vollst{\"a}ndig neu bearbeitete und erweiterte Auflage},
 publisher = {{Springer Berlin Heidelberg}},
 isbn = {978-3-662-07116-8},
 editor = {Kaltschmitt, Martin and Wiese, Andreas and Streicher, Wolfgang},
 doi = {10.1007/978-3-662-07115-1}
}  

\end{filecontents*}

\addbibresource{\jobname.bib} 

% add new diniso entry type
\DeclareDatamodelEntrytypes{
  norm}

% set bibliography label template for diniso entry type
\DeclareLabelalphaTemplate[norm]{%
  \labelelement{
    \field{number}
  }
}

% use comma before year in citations without authors
% this will apply to all entry types
\renewcommand*{\nonameyeardelim}{\addcomma\space}

% field formats for diniso entry type
\DeclareFieldFormat[norm]{version}{#1}
\DeclareFieldFormat[norm]{institute}{#1}
%\DeclareFieldFormat[norm]{pubstate}{\mkbibparens{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat[norm]{date}{%
  \thefield{year}%
  \bibdatesep
  \mkmonthzeros{\thefield{month}}}



% custom driver for diniso entry type
\DeclareBibliographyDriver{norm}{%
  \usebibmacro{bibindex}%
  \usebibmacro{begentry}%
%  \printtext{DIN EN ISO}%
  \printfield{institute}%   This field is not printed
  \setunit{\addspace}%
  \printfield{number}%
  \setunit{\addcolon}%
  \printdate
  \setunit{\addcolon\space}%
  \usebibmacro{title}%
  \setunit{\addcomma\space}%
  \printfield{version}%
  \setunit{\addspace}%
  %\printfield{pubstate}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}

% custom citation label for diniso entry type
\newbibmacro*{cite:label}{%
  \iffieldundef{label}
    {\ifentrytype{norm}
      {\printtext[bibhyperref]{%
         %\printtext{DIN EN1 ISO}%
         \printfield{institute}%   This field is not printed
         \printfield{number}
         \setunit{\addspace}%
        }}
       {\printtext[bibhyperref]{\printfield[citetitle]{labeltitle}}}}
    {\printtext[bibhyperref]{\printfield{label}}}}

\pagestyle{empty}
\begin{document}
\section{First section}

quote 1 \parencite{diniso18351}\\
quote 2 \parencite{Kaltschmitt.2003}

\printbibliography

\end{document}

Answer 1

The problem is that institute is not a default field name in biblatex. You need to declare it using:

\begin{filecontents*}{norm.dbx}
    \DeclareDatamodelEntrytypes{
        norm}
    \DeclareDatamodelFields[type=field,datatype=literal]{
        institute,
    }
    \DeclareDatamodelEntryfields[norm]{
        institute,
    }
\end{filecontents*}

and then use the option datamodel=norm when adding the package biblatex.

\usepackage[
    %style = alphabetic,
    datamodel=norm,
    citestyle=authoryear-comp,
    bibstyle=authoryear,
    ]{biblatex}

Note that either a comma or a closing brace } must appear directly after institute: otherwise the field name is added with a trailing space. See this answer for details.

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{filecontents}

\begin{filecontents*}{norm.dbx}
    \DeclareDatamodelEntrytypes{
        norm}
    \DeclareDatamodelFields[type=field,datatype=literal]{
        institute,
    }
    \DeclareDatamodelEntryfields[norm]{
        institute,
    }
\end{filecontents*}
\begin{filecontents*}{\jobname.bib} 
    @norm{diniso18351,
        title = {Title},
        number = {18351-1},
        version = {Entwurf},
        %pubstate = {DIN ISO 18351-1:2010-06},
        date = {2010-06},
        institute = {VDI}},
    @book{Kaltschmitt.2003,
        year = {2003},
        title = {Erneuerbare Energien: Systemtechnik, Wirtschaftlichkeit, Umweltaspekte},
        address = {Berlin, Heidelberg and s.l.},
        edition = {dritte, vollst{\"a}ndig neu bearbeitete und erweiterte Auflage},
        publisher = {{Springer Berlin Heidelberg}},
        isbn = {978-3-662-07116-8},
        editor = {Kaltschmitt, Martin and Wiese, Andreas and Streicher, Wolfgang},
        doi = {10.1007/978-3-662-07115-1}
    }  

\end{filecontents*}

\usepackage[
%style = alphabetic,
datamodel=norm,
citestyle=authoryear-comp,
bibstyle=authoryear,
]{biblatex}

\addbibresource{\jobname.bib} 

% set bibliography label template for diniso entry type
\DeclareLabelalphaTemplate[norm]{%
    \labelelement{
        \field{number}
    }
}

% use comma before year in citations without authors
% this will apply to all entry types
\renewcommand*{\nonameyeardelim}{\addcomma\space}

% field formats for diniso entry type
\DeclareFieldFormat[norm]{version}{#1}
\DeclareFieldFormat[norm]{institute}{#1}
%\DeclareFieldFormat[norm]{pubstate}{\mkbibparens{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat[norm]{date}{%
    \thefield{year}%
    \hyphen
    {\thefield{month}}}



% custom driver for diniso entry type
\DeclareBibliographyDriver{norm}{%
    \usebibmacro{bibindex}%
    \usebibmacro{begentry}%
    %  \printtext{DIN EN ISO}%
    \printfield{institute}%   This field is not printed
    \setunit{\addspace}%
    \printfield{number}%
    \setunit{\addcolon}%
    \printdate
    \setunit{\addcolon\space}%
    \usebibmacro{title}%
    \setunit{\addcomma\space}%
    \printfield{version}%
    \setunit{\addspace}%
    %\printfield{pubstate}%
    \usebibmacro{finentry}}

% custom citation label for diniso entry type
\newbibmacro*{cite:label}{%
    \iffieldundef{label}
    {\ifentrytype{norm}
        {\printtext[bibhyperref]{%
                %\printtext{DIN EN1 ISO}%
                \printfield{institute}%   This field is not printed
                \printfield{number}
                \setunit{\addspace}%
            }}
            {\printtext[bibhyperref]{\printfield[citetitle]{labeltitle}}}}
        {\printtext[bibhyperref]{\printfield{label}}}}

    \pagestyle{empty}
    \begin{document}
        \section{First section}

        quote 1 \parencite{diniso18351}\\
        quote 2 \parencite{Kaltschmitt.2003}

        \printbibliography

    \end{document}