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I took the template from rsc.org and adjusted it for the needs recommended for this work. Now, extsizes makes trouble, so I excluded it with every line referring to it. natbib was also troubling around, so I replaced it with biblatex which normally doesn't make any trouble in my documents.

\documentclass[a4paper,twoside,twocolumn,9pt]{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage{ngerman}
\usepackage{lipsum}
\usepackage{csquotes}
\usepackage{extsizes}
\usepackage[left=18mm,right=18mm,top=47mm,bottom=25mm]{geometry}
\usepackage{balance}
\usepackage{times,mathptmx}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{gensymb}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\usepackage{sectsty}
\usepackage[usenames,dvipsnames]{xcolor}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{graphics}
\usepackage[pdf]{pstricks}
\usepackage{pdfpages}
\usepackage{background}
\usepackage{everypage}
\usepackage{lastpage}
\usepackage[format=plain,justification=justified,singlelinecheck=false,font={stretch=1.125,small,sf},labelfont=bf,labelsep=space]{caption}
\usepackage{lipsum}
\usepackage{float}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\usepackage{fnpos}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{droidsans}
\usepackage{charter}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage[compact]{titlesec}
\usepackage[style=numeric,sorting=none,backend=bibtex8]{biblatex}
\addbibresource{sources.bib}
\usepackage[hidelinks]{hyperref}
\usepackage[all]{hypcap}
\definecolor{cream}{RGB}{222,217,201}
\backgroundsetup{scale=1,angle=0,opacity=1,color=black,contents={\begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture, overlay]
        \node at ([xshift=-10cm,yshift=-19mm] current page.north east)
    {\includegraphics[width=\paperwidth]{headerfile}};
    \end{tikzpicture}}}
\title{my title}
\author{me}
\date{\today}
\begin{document}
    \renewcommand{\figurename}{Abb.~}
    \renewcommand{\tablename}{Tab.~}
    \pagestyle{fancy}
    \makeFNbottom
    \makeatletter
    \renewcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE{15pt}{25}}
    \renewcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large{12pt}{17}}
    \renewcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large{10pt}{14}}
    \renewcommand\footnotesize{\@setfontsize\footnotesize{7pt}{10}}
    \setcounter{secnumdepth}{5}
    \renewcommand\@biblabel[1]{#1}            
    \renewcommand\@makefntext[1]{\noindent\makebox[0pt][r]{\@thefnmark\,}#1}
    \makeatother 
    \sectionfont{\sffamily\Large}
    \subsectionfont{\normalsize}
    \subsubsectionfont{\bf}
    \setstretch{1.125}
    \setlength{\skip\footins}{0.8cm}
    \setlength{\footnotesep}{0.25cm}
    \setlength{\jot}{10pt}
    \titlespacing*{\section}{0pt}{4pt}{4pt}
    \titlespacing*{\subsection}{0pt}{15pt}{1pt}
    \fancyhf{}
    \include{titlepage}
    \newpage\pagenumbering{arabic}
    \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
    \lfoot{name of subject -- 2018}
    \rfoot{shortname, 2018, \textbf{subtopic 1}| \thepage}
    \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{1pt}
    \setlength{\arrayrulewidth}{1pt}
    \setlength{\columnsep}{6.5mm}
    \setlength\bibsep{1pt}
    \newlength{\figrulesep} 
    \setlength{\figrulesep}{0.5\textfloatsep} 
    \newcommand{\topfigrule}{\vspace*{-1pt}\noindent{\color{cream}\rule[-\figrulesep]{\columnwidth}{1.5pt}}}
    \newcommand{\botfigrule}{\vspace*{-2pt}\noindent{\color{cream}\rule[\figrulesep]{\columnwidth}{1.5pt}}}
    \newcommand{\dblfigrule}{\vspace*{-1pt}\noindent{\color{cream}\rule[-\figrulesep]{\textwidth}{1.5pt}}}
    \twocolumn[\begin{@twocolumnfalse}
%       \vspace{3cm}
        \sffamily
        \LARGE{\textbf{Our topic we're writing about}}\\
        \vspace{0.3cm}\\
        \large{me, the author}\\
        \normalsize{some introduction - \lipsum[1]}\\
    \end{@twocolumnfalse} \vspace{0.6cm}]
    \renewcommand*\rmdefault{bch}\normalfont\upshape
    \rmfamily
    \section*{}
    \vspace{-1cm}
    \section*{theory}
        \lipsum[2]\\one\cite{papere}, two\cite{paperz}, three\cite{paperd}, four\cite{paperv}
        \paragraph*{first subtopic}
            picture here (Abb.~\ref{pic})
            \begin{figure}[!h]\centering
                \includegraphics[width=0.6\columnwidth]{example}
                \caption{picture.\cite{papere}.}\label{pic}
            \end{figure}
    \section*{what we did and how}
        \lipsum[3].
        \subsection*{nice title 1}
            \lipsum[4]
        \subsection*{nice title 2}
            \lipsum[5]
    \section*{data and discussion}
        \lipsum[6]
        \subsection*{disc. 1}
            some text\cite{paperz}.\\
            some text (Tab.~\ref{asdf}) for writing. bla bla bla lorem ipsum dolor et piscit.
            \begin{table}[!h]\small
                \centering
                \caption{fac animalia ad trahit.}\label{asdf}
                \begin{tabular}{l|cccc}
                    value&no 1&no 2&no 3\\ \hline
                    v\textsubscript{max}&1&2&3\\
                    v\textsubscript{max}&4&5&6\\
                \end{tabular}
            \end{table}
    \section*{ending}
        \lipsum
%   \bibliography{sources} %You need to replace "rsc" on this line with the name of your .bib file
%   \bibliographystyle{rsc} %the RSC's .bst file
    \vspace{2cm}
    \printbibliography
\end{document}

I know that there may be packages having the need to be included before specific others. Could it be that I just got "the wrong" order for my packages used?

My sources.bib, which gives me output shown after:

@ARTICLE{papere,
title={Synthesis of some polymer via some Polymerization and Its Evaluation in some field},
author={Bugnon, Lucienne; Morton, Colin J. H.; Novak, Petr; Vetter, Jens; Nesvadba, Peter},
journal={chemistry},
year={2000},
volume={100},
pages={1234--5678},
number={1},
}
@ARTICLE{paperz,
title={Improved Synthetic Procedure and Molecular Weight Control},
author={Neef, C. J.; Ferraris, J. P.},
journal={matter},
year={2000},
volume={100},
pages={1234--5678},
number={7},
}
@ARTICLE{paperd,
title={Synthesis of some polymer via some Polymerization and Its Evaluation in some field},
author={Lucienne Bugnon, Colin J. H. Morton, Petr Novak, Jens Vetter, Peter Nesvadba},
journal={chemistry},
year={2000},
volume={100},
pages={1234--5678},
number={1},
}
@ARTICLE{paperv,
title={Improved Synthetic Procedure and Molecular Weight Control},
author={C. J. Neef; J. P. Ferraris},
journal={matter},
year={2000},
volume={100},
pages={1234--5678},
number={7},
}

The output is from an earlier file version without that problem, but with a wrong citation "in exchange".

1 P. N. J. V. P. N. Lucienne Bugnon, Colin J. H. Morton,
    Chem. Mater., 2007, 19, 2910–2914.
2 C. J. N. J. P. Ferraris, Macromolecules, 2000, 33,
    2311–2314.
Nepumuk
  • 483
  • Could you explain what troubles you are getting? What do you expect to see, what do you see instead? Can you add a screenshot of the output, or an excerpt of the .log file? – moewe Mar 27 '18 at 10:38
  • Several things: don't load \usepackage{ngerman}, \usepackage[ngerman]{babel} already gives you German localisation. The length \bibsep is unknown, so you need to delete the line \setlength\bibsep{1pt}. We also don't have your headerfile. And you seem to have a few \\ that are inappropriate. – moewe Mar 27 '18 at 10:41
  • Your .bib file input is also wrong. Names must be separated with and and not with commas or semicolons regardless of the desired output. See https://tex.stackexchange.com/q/36396/35864 – moewe Mar 27 '18 at 10:54
  • @moewe : my errors: I ExtSizes: It is better to use one of the extsizes classes, if you can. -> extsizes.sty II biblatex: Using fall-back BibTeX(8) backend: -> blx-bibtex.def III Undefined control sequence -> mwe.tex -> 45 IV Emergency stop -> mwe.tex -> 45 – Nepumuk Mar 27 '18 at 10:55
  • The first few messages are 'only' warnings. The undefined control sequence is an error, but you don't tell us which sequence is undefined. Your document is quite a mess at the moment. Would it be possible to start over with a more minimal approach? – moewe Mar 27 '18 at 10:58
  • \begin{document} is marked as undefined. – Nepumuk Mar 27 '18 at 14:41
  • Well, if there is one thing we can be sure that is defined, it's \begin{document}. Did you remove \usepackage{ngerman}? I could get your MWE to work with the changes mentioned in my answer. But really even the small bits of your document that you have shown us is a terrible mess. You should seriously consider starting anew. Since you seem to read German, have a look at https://komascript.de/latexvorlage – moewe Mar 27 '18 at 14:45
  • \begin{document} was marked as undefined; \setlength\bibsep{1pt} seems to need another package. I commented it out and now everything works just fine. – Nepumuk Mar 27 '18 at 14:59
  • 1
    As I said in my answer "The length \bibsep is unknown, so you can't redefine it." – moewe Mar 27 '18 at 14:59

1 Answers1

2

The problem for biblatex is that you load the ngerman package. That package is deprecated and should be removed. You should use

\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}

instead (as you already do).

Your .bib file uses the wrong format for author names. You need to separate names with and, for example

author={Neef, C. J. and Ferraris, J. P.},

Your code has a lot of other issues as well. For one you probably load far more packages than you actually need. The length \bibsep is unknown, so you can't redefine it. And you have at least in your example several \\'s that can't be used in these places, because they come after \lipsum that already end a paragraph.

moewe
  • 175,683