5

I came across this symbol in a probability book but don’t know how to type it.white circle

Milo
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jwyao
  • 355

4 Answers4

6

UPDATE: This is not a complete solution. As pointed out in the comments by Ruixi Zhang, substack by default puts its contents in \scriptstyle. So unless you manually specify the correct math level size you want (\displaystyle, \textstyle etc) the size of the arrows isn't truly correct and won't scale automatically.

Original answer

Here is a proposal using substack.

You can adjust the vertical separation between the arrows by adjusting [-2em] after \\. I've also wrapped the substack in mathrel. This modifies the spacing around the substack to that of a relation, such as =.

enter image description here

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb}

\newcommand{\doublerightsquigarrow}{\mathrel{\substack{\displaystyle\rightsquigarrow\\[-2em]\displaystyle\rightsquigarrow}}}

\begin{document}
\[
(\mathbb{F}_n - F)  \doublerightsquigarrow  \mathcal{H} \circ F
\]
\end{document}
Milo
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  • 1
    I’m afraid that I have to disagree with your solution: 1) \substack puts its contents in \scriptstyle, so the \rightsquigarrow is not at the correct size. 2) Because of 1), when your \doublerightsquigarrow is used in first- or second-level math scripts, it will still be at the same size. – Ruixi Zhang Jul 31 '18 at 01:41
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    Ah yes you are right. Are any of these solutions suitable? https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/2656/how-do-i-stack-more-than-two-arrows-in-math-mode – Milo Jul 31 '18 at 01:55
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    Unfortunately none of the solutions in your linked post addressed the scaling problem. The one by S. Boonto noticed this and added \textstyle inside \substack, but still it was not a complete solution. – Ruixi Zhang Jul 31 '18 at 02:15
4

Here is an alternative to @Milo’s solution, which takes care of getting the correct size in each of \displaystyle, \textstyle, \scriptstyle and \scriptscriptstyle. No additional packages needed.

The solution is essentially stacking arrows. However, none of the solutions suggested in that linked post addressed the sizing problem. Note that if you were to use @Milo’s solution in \displaystyle or \textstyle, you should probably add \textstyle in \substack as in @SBoonto’s solution.

To properly design the separation between the two arrows, I took inspiration from this answer by @wipet. But instead of \vbox, we should use \vcenter to construct our symbol. Note that the resulting double arrows are closer and, IMHO, more suitable to be viewed as one symbol.

Also, note that I called the new symbol \doublerightsquigarrows instead of \doublerightsquigarrow. The \stack@two@symbols macro can be used to create other stacked symbols (Of course, you use it within a pair of \makeatletter and \makeatother).

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amssymb}% no need for `amsmath'

\linespread{2}\selectfont% for better visual

\makeatletter
\newcommand*{\doublerightsquigarrows}{%
  \mathrel{\mathchoice
    {\stack@two@symbols{text}{display}{\rightsquigarrow}{\rightsquigarrow}}%
    {\stack@two@symbols{text}{text}{\rightsquigarrow}{\rightsquigarrow}}%
    {\stack@two@symbols{script}{script}{\rightsquigarrow}{\rightsquigarrow}}%
    {\stack@two@symbols{scriptscript}{scriptscript}{\rightsquigarrow}{\rightsquigarrow}}%
  }%
}
% just for fun
\newcommand*{\crazyarrows}{%
  \mathrel{\mathchoice
    {\stack@two@symbols{text}{display}{\mapsto}{\Leftarrow}}%
    {\stack@two@symbols{text}{text}{\mapsto}{\Leftarrow}}%
    {\stack@two@symbols{script}{script}{\mapsto}{\Leftarrow}}%
    {\stack@two@symbols{scriptscript}{scriptscript}{\mapsto}{\Leftarrow}}%
  }%
}
% syntax of \stack@two@symbols{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}:
%    #1: font dimension parameters, `text', `script' or `scriptscript';
%    #2: math styles, `display', `text', `script' or `scriptscript';
%    #3: top symbol;
%    #4: bottom symbol.
\def\stack@two@symbols#1#2#3#4{%
  \vcenter{%
  \baselineskip=\fontdimen17\csname#1font\endcsname2\advance\baselineskip by\fontdimen14\csname#1font\endcsname2%
  \halign{\hfil$\csname#2style\endcsname##$\hfil\cr#3\cr#4\cr}}%
}
\makeatother

\newcommand*{\test}[1]{%
  \makebox[10em][r]{\texttt{\textbackslash#1}}:
  $\csname#1\endcsname \sqrt{\frac{n}{2 \log \log n}} (\mathbb{F}_n - F) \doublerightsquigarrows \mathcal{H} \circ F$%
}
\newcommand*{\testcrazy}[1]{%
  \makebox[10em][r]{\texttt{\textbackslash#1}}:
  $\csname#1\endcsname \sqrt{\frac{n}{2 \log \log n}} (\mathbb{F}_n - F) \crazyarrows \mathcal{H} \circ F$%
}

\begin{document}
Double rightsquig arrows\par
\test{displaystyle}\par
\test{textstyle}\par
\test{scriptstyle}\par
\test{scriptscriptstyle}\par
Crazy arrows\par
\testcrazy{displaystyle}\par
\testcrazy{textstyle}\par
\testcrazy{scriptstyle}\par
\testcrazy{scriptscriptstyle}
\end{document}

stacking arrows

Ruixi Zhang
  • 9,553
3

The vertical gap between the two arrows is governed by the 12\LMpt (optional argument to \stackanchor).

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amssymb,stackengine,scalerel}
\newcommand\doublerightsquigarrow{%
  \mathrel{\ThisStyle{\def\stacktype{L}\ensurestackMath{
    \stackanchor[12\LMpt]{\SavedStyle\rightsquigarrow}{\SavedStyle\rightsquigarrow}
  }}}
}
\begin{document}
\[
                    (\mathbb{F}_n - F)  \doublerightsquigarrow  \mathcal{H} \circ F
\]
\[
\scriptstyle        (\mathbb{F}_n - F)  \doublerightsquigarrow  \mathcal{H} \circ F
\]
\[
\scriptscriptstyle  (\mathbb{F}_n - F)  \doublerightsquigarrow  \mathcal{H} \circ F
\]
\end{document}

enter image description here

1

We can easily reproduce the picture:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb}

\begin{document}

\[
\limsup_{n\to\infty} \sqrt{\frac{n}{2\log\log n}}
(\mathbb{F}_n-F)
\mathrel{\begin{matrix}
\rightsquigarrow \\
\rightsquigarrow
\end{matrix}}
\mathcal{H}\circ F
\]

\end{document}

enter image description here

However, if you prefer less vertical space (and you should), here's how.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb}

\makeatletter
% find a better name
\newcommand{\doublerightsquigarrow}{%
  \mathrel{\mathpalette\double@rightsquigarrow\relax}%
}
\newcommand\double@rightsquigarrow[2]{%
  \vcenter{
    \m@th % no math surround
    \baselineskip=\z@ % let \lineskip play
    \lineskiplimit=\z@
    \lineskip=1pt % or whatever
    \hbox{$#1\rightsquigarrow$}
    \hbox{$#1\rightsquigarrow$}
  }%
}
\makeatother

\begin{document}

\[
\limsup_{n\to\infty} \sqrt{\frac{n}{2\log\log n}}\,(\mathbb{F}_n-F)
\doublerightsquigarrow
\mathcal{H}\circ F
\]

$A\doublerightsquigarrow B$

$\scriptstyle A\doublerightsquigarrow B$

$\scriptscriptstyle A\doublerightsquigarrow B$

\end{document}

enter image description here

egreg
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