In LaTeX, you have to use packages to use some predefined commands, like \leqslant, \geqslant or \text. This is one of the main differences of LaTeX and MathJax. The first two commands require amssymb, while the last one needs amsmath. Btw, don't use $$ $$ like in MathJax.
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\begin{document}
\[
\left. \begin{array}{c}
\frac{NR}{K}=50\\
0<R\leqslant 35\\
NR\geqslant 65\\
N>0\\
K=24\\
NR\geqslant \text{600 }\left( an\,\,initial\,\,guess \right)\\
\end{array} \right\} \Rightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{c}
K_{\min}=24\\
N_{\min}=40\\
R_{\max}=30\\
\end{array} \right.
\\
\left. \begin{array}{c}
R_U=\frac{NR}{I}\\
R_D=\frac{NR}{J}\\
K=I+J\\
\end{array} \right\} \Rightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{c}
I=K-K\alpha =24-24\cdot \frac{1}{4}=18\\
J=K\alpha =24\cdot \frac{1}{4}=6\\
\end{array} \right.
\]
\end{document}

However, why do you use array with \left and \right? The spacing is awful! Also, using either $$ or \[ \] won't let you have line breaks.
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\begin{document}
\begin{align*}
\left.\begin{aligned}
\tfrac{NR}{K}=50\\
0<R\leqslant 35\\
NR\geqslant 65\\
N>0\\
K=24\\
NR\geqslant600\text{ (an initial guess)}
\end{aligned}\right\}&\Rightarrow\begin{cases}
R_U=\frac{NR}{I}\\
R_D=\frac{NR}{J}\\
K=I+J
\end{cases}\\
\left.\begin{aligned}
R_U=\tfrac{NR}{I}\\
R_D=\tfrac{NR}{J}\\
K=I+J
\end{aligned}\right\}&\Rightarrow\begin{cases}
I=K-K\alpha =24-24\cdot \frac{1}{4}=18\\
J=K\alpha =24\cdot \frac{1}{4}=6
\end{cases}
\end{align*}
\end{document}

$$. – Mar 31 '19 at 05:40amssymb, see here: https://tex.stackexchange.com/q/16592/121799 – Mar 31 '19 at 05:47amsmathis also needed. – Mar 31 '19 at 05:51unicode-mathwhen you can, and compile withlualatexorxelatex. You’ll get more symbols with more consistency than any combination of legacy LaTeX fonts can achieve. You’ll still needamsmath(ormathtools). – Davislor Mar 31 '19 at 13:39