arrows with tikz package

Question

I use tikz, and try draw a directed graph with

\begin{tikzpicture}                                                                  
\node[draw, circle] (1) {1};                                                         
\node[draw, circle] (2) [ right of=1] {2};
\path (1) edge (2);

\end{tikzpicture}

and get

how I can get this ? (with arrow)

Edit

I try with

\path[->] (1) edge (2);

but I get

! Argument of \language@active@arg> has an extra }.
<inserted text> 
                \par 
l.403     \path[->] (
                     1) edge (2);

Answer 1

spanish babel's option declares < and > active characters to write something like <<Hello>> and obtain french quotes. This behavior clashes with TiKZ arrow form [->]. The way to deactivate <> is \usepackage[spanish,es-noquoting]{babel}, so

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage[spanish,es-noquoting]{babel}
\begin{document} 
\begin{tikzpicture}                                                                  
\node[draw, circle] (1) {1};                                                         
\node[draw, circle] (2) [ right of=1] {2};                                           

\path[->] (1) edge (2);                                                                  
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

works as expected. I've found this solution in CervanTeX (spanish TUG) forums:

Update for TiKZ 3.0

TiKZ 3.0 includes a new babel library (pgfmanual section 42) which avoid this kind of problems. Using it, is not necessary to use es-noquoting option any more. You can even have spanish quotes inside nodes.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[spanish]{babel}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{babel,positioning}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}                                                                  
\node[draw, circle] (1) {<<1>>};                                                         
\node[draw, circle] (2) [ right = of 1] {<<2>>};                                           

\path[->] (1) edge (2);                                                                  
\end{tikzpicture}

<<Hola>>
\end{document}

Answer 2

Maybe this old Mail from Till Tantau I found when googling your added error message is helpful somehow: tex.pgf.user list.

There seems to be an issue with the use of < and > as ative characters in some languages in TeX. The solution is supposedly (quoting Till)

[...] using \shorthandsoff (or something similar) inside a tikzpicture.

Answer 3

A follow-up on the possible interference from {babel} language options.

I have experienced this issue with several punctuation marks that, in French, require a space after them, and are coded in the french option to babel to do so:

  : ; ? !

However, the colon (:) is also used in arydshln.sty. To circumvent this, I do indeed use the solution ascribed to Till Tantau:

\shorthandoff{:}

I also extend that to the semi-colon, question mark, and exclamation mark in French-lang. journals which do NOT want that trailing space:

\shorthandoff{;} \shorthandoff{?} \shorthandoff{!}

Currently, I'm learning to incorporate tikz code into the CJL macros (Cdn. Jrnl. of Ling.) and have found I can get around the shared use of > by adding this

\shorthandoff{>}

not WITHIN the tikzpicture environment but just before -- but still within the outer figure environment.

Answer 4

Good evening, I am using this approach which doesn't affect active characters outside the TikZ environment, if needed. I would add this command in the document body for Spanish.

\tikzset{every picture/.append style={execute at begin picture={\catcode`\>=12\catcode`\<=12}}}

I usually don't use \shorthandoff command because it is unclear if babel package is loaded or not. If I need active characters, e.g. inside the TikZ nodes, I would use:

\node{\catcode`\<=13\catcode`\>=13 <<Hello>>};

Here is an example:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage[spanish]{babel}
\pagestyle{empty}
\begin{document}
\tikzset{every picture/.append style={execute at begin picture={\catcode`\>=12\catcode`\<=12}}}
\begin{tikzpicture}                                                 
\node[draw,circle] (1) {1};
\node[draw,circle] (2) [right of=1] {2};
\node[draw,circle,xshift=1cm,inner sep=0pt](3)[right of=2]{\catcode`\<=13\catcode`\>=13 <<Hello>>};
\path[<->] (1) edge (2);
\path[>-<] (2) edge (3);
\end{tikzpicture}\par
<<Hello, World!>>
\end{document}

Answer 5

I solved with

\begin{tikzpicture}[thick]                                                           
\node[draw, circle] (1) {1};                                                         
\node[draw, circle] (2) [ right of=1] {2};                                           

\begin{scope}[-stealth]                                                              
\path (1) edge (2);                                                                  
\end{scope}                                                                          
\end{tikzpicture}