2nd answer:
After some more testing I (hopefully) understand better, that/how positioning differs depending on the function used.
\coffin_attach:NnnNnnnn \l__jgrid_page_coffin { T } { l } \l__jgrid_foot_coffin { t } { l } { \dim_use:N \l__jgrid_body_offsetx_dim } { \dim_use:N \l__jgrid_body_offsety_dim - \textheight-\baselineskip }
and
\coffin_join:NnnNnnnn \l__jgrid_page_coffin { \l__jgrid_page_coffin-T } { \l__jgrid_page_coffin-l } \l__jgrid_foot_coffin { T } { l } { \dim_use:N \l__jgrid_body_offsetx_dim } { \dim_use:N \l__jgrid_body_offsety_dim - \textheight-\baselineskip}
produce the same results in sence of positioning. While with \coffin_join the bounding box of the first coffin is updated to enclose the bounding box of both, \coffin_attach leaves the first coffin unchanged.
1st answer:
Thanks to Ulrikes comment, I might have found the answer by reducing my code to a MWE.
It seems to me, that the formerly received explanation "at first the poles are kept as (pole-name), later on as (coffin name-pole name)" is only valid for the xcoffins-DocumentFunctions ?!
Can someone confirm this, or is it just working in this simple MWE?
\documentclass[a4paper,twoside,10pt]{scrbook}%
\setlength{\parindent}{0mm}%
\pagestyle{empty}%
\usepackage[width=164mm,height=236mm,left=19mm,top=19mm]{geometry}%
\usepackage{expl3,xparse,xcolor,xcoffins,xtemplate,layout,blindtext,tikz,everypage}%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\ExplSyntaxOn
% page
\coffin_new:N \l__jgrid_page_coffin
\dim_new:N \l__jgrid_page_width_dim
\dim_new:N \l__jgrid_page_height_dim
\dim_new:N \l__jgrid_page_offsetx_dim
\dim_new:N \l__jgrid_page_offsety_dim
\tl_new:N \l__jgrid_page_main_content_tl
\dim_set:Nn \l__jgrid_page_width_dim { \paperwidth }
\dim_set:Nn \l__jgrid_page_height_dim { \paperheight }
% just to make coffin visible fpr MWE
\tl_set:Nn \l__jgrid_page_content_tl { \color{green!10!white}\rule{ \dim_use:N \l__jgrid_page_width_dim }{ \dim_use:N \l__jgrid_page_height_dim } }
% body
\coffin_new:N \l__jgrid_body_coffin
\dim_new:N \l__jgrid_body_width_dim
\dim_new:N \l__jgrid_body_height_dim
\dim_new:N \l__jgrid_body_offsetx_dim
\dim_new:N \l__jgrid_body_offsety_dim
\tl_new:N \l__jgrid_body_content_tl
\dim_set:Nn \l__jgrid_body_width_dim { \textwidth }
\dim_set:Nn \l__jgrid_body_height_dim { \textheight }
% just to make coffin visible for MWE
\tl_set:Nn \l__jgrid_body_content_tl { \color{red!10!white}\rule{ \dim_use:N \l__jgrid_body_width_dim }{ \dim_use:N \l__jgrid_body_height_dim } }
% foot
\coffin_new:N \l__jgrid_foot_coffin
\dim_new:N \l__jgrid_foot_width_dim
\dim_new:N \l__jgrid_foot_height_dim
\dim_new:N \l__jgrid_foot_offsetx_dim
\dim_new:N \l__jgrid_foot_offsety_dim
\tl_new:N \l__jgrid_foot_content_tl
\dim_set:Nn \l__jgrid_foot_width_dim { \textwidth }
\dim_set:Nn \l__jgrid_foot_height_dim { 30mm }
% just to make coffin visible for MWE
\tl_set:Nn \l__jgrid_foot_content_tl { \color{blue!10!white}\rule{ \dim_use:N \l__jgrid_foot_width_dim }{ \dim_use:N \l__jgrid_foot_height_dim } }
\DeclareDocumentCommand { \InitializePage } { }
{
\vcoffin_set:Nnn \l__jgrid_page_coffin { \dim_use:N \l__jgrid_page_width_dim } { \tl_use:N \l__jgrid_page_content_tl }
\vcoffin_set:Nnn \l__jgrid_body_coffin { \dim_use:N \l__jgrid_body_width_dim } { \tl_use:N \l__jgrid_body_content_tl }
\vcoffin_set:Nnn \l__jgrid_foot_coffin { \dim_use:N \l__jgrid_foot_width_dim } { \tl_use:N \l__jgrid_foot_content_tl }
\dim_set:Nn \l__jgrid_body_offsety_dim { -1in+\voffset+\headheight }
\int_if_odd:nTF { \thepage } { \dim_set:Nn \l__jgrid_body_offsetx_dim { 1in+\hoffset+\oddsidemargin} } { \dim_set:Nn \l__jgrid_body_offsetx_dim { 1in+\hoffset+\evensidemargin} }
\coffin_attach:NnnNnnnn \l__jgrid_page_coffin { T } { l } \l__jgrid_body_coffin { T } { l } { \dim_use:N \l__jgrid_body_offsetx_dim } { \dim_use:N \l__jgrid_body_offsety_dim }
\coffin_attach:NnnNnnnn \l__jgrid_page_coffin { T } { l } \l__jgrid_foot_coffin { T } { l } { \dim_use:N \l__jgrid_body_offsetx_dim } { \dim_use:N \l__jgrid_body_offsety_dim - \textheight-\baselineskip}
}
\DeclareDocumentCommand { \TypesetPage } { }
{
\coffin_typeset:Nnnnn \l__jgrid_page_coffin { T } { l } { 0pt }{ 0pt }
%\coffin_show_structure:N \l__jgrid_page_coffin
}
\ExplSyntaxOff
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\AddEverypageHook{%
\tikz[remember picture, overlay]{\node [xshift=0.5\paperwidth,yshift=-0.5\paperheight] at (current page.north west) {\TypesetPage}}%
}%
\begin{document}%
\InitializePage\blindtext\clearpage
\InitializePage\blindtext
\end{document}%