This yields a similar result as in the example, and it adapts well to different font sizes.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{pict2e}
\newlength{\fslength}
\newlength{\fthickness}
\DeclareFontFamily{U}{eus}{\skewchar\font'60}
\DeclareFontShape{U}{eus}{m}{n}{%
<5><6><7><8><9>gen*eusm%
<10><10.95><12><14.4><17.28><20.74><24.88>eusm10}{}
\DeclareMathAlphabet\EuScript{U}{eus}{m}{n}
\makeatletter
\newcommand{\Number}[1]{%
\setlength{\fslength}{\f@size pt}%
\setlength{\fthickness}{.04\fslength}%
\pdfsave\pdfliteral{1 0 .25 1 0 0 cm}\rlap{$\EuScript{N}$}\pdfrestore%
\phantom{$\EuScript{N}$}%
\rule[.16\fslength]{.25\fslength}{\fthickness}\hspace*{-.23\fslength}%
\rule[.24\fslength]{.25\fslength}{\fthickness}\hspace*{-.30\fslength}%
\raisebox{.24\fslength}[.4\fslength]{%
\centering%
\setlength{\unitlength}{\fslength}%
\begin{picture}(.3,.3)
\linethickness{\fthickness}
\put(.2,.2){\circle{.2}}
\end{picture}%
} #1%
}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
{\scriptsize This is \Number{4} for a test.}
{\small This is \Number{4} for a test.}
This is \Number{4} for a test.
{\large This is \Number{4} for a test.}
{\Large This is \Number{4} for a test.}
\end{document}
As it is, this example has to be compiled with pdfLaTeX. If it were to be compiled with XeLaTeX or LuaLaTeX, the lines
\pdfsave\pdfliteral{1 0 .25 1 0 0 cm}\rlap{$\EuScript{N}$}\pdfrestore%
\phantom{$\EuScript{N}$}%
would have to be changed. The N symbol that I used in this example is a slanted version of the N in Euler script font, but I'm not sure how it can be slanted using other compilers. In any case, the above lines could be changed to simply
$\mathcal{N}$\hspace*{-.2\fslength}%
to yield a similar result than in the picture given at the beginning, but with a computer modern \mathcal{N}.
yfrak, so the weight does not matter for me. I am not sure about the font family, but as theNdoes not seem to be a real fraktur version here, the font family does not seem to be relevant in this specific case - the result just should not stand out completely from the regular text as it does withtextcomp. – epR8GaYuh Mar 21 '20 at 08:48