How do I place a underbrace in a subscript?
I_{2,(\underbrace{3,3,3,3,3}_5)}
does not typeset correctly (the 3's are not subscript sized)
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Jan already gave a good answer. However, I'd say it's a real weakness of \underbrace that you have to do this manually. (One might even call it a bug.) Here's a surprisingly complicated redefinition of \underbrace that automatically inserts \scriptstyle if needed.
\documentclass{article}
\makeatletter
\let\saved@underbrace\underbrace
\renewcommand*\underbrace[1]{\@ifnextchar_{\ub@with{#1}}{\ub@without{#1}}}
\def\ub@with#1_#2{\mathpalette\underbrace@i{{#1}{_{#2}}}}
\newcommand*\ub@without[1]{\mathpalette\underbrace@i{{#1}{}}}
\newcommand*\underbrace@i[2]{\underbrace@ii#1#2}
\newcommand*\underbrace@ii[3]{\saved@underbrace{#1#2}#3}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
$I_{2,(\underbrace{3,3,3,3,3}_5)}$
\end{document}
One of the problems I had to overcome is very similar to this question of mine: The underscore must go inside the mathpalette (if present).
Hendrik Vogt
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1I'll add something like this to unicode-math when I tackle the other under/over brace issues. Thanks! – Will Robertson Nov 16 '10 at 14:04
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@will: luatex seems not to have a problem here, the digits are in script style already with no other modifications (it seems an issue confined to the plain tex definition of underbrace) – خالد حسني Nov 16 '10 at 15:13
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@Khaled yeah, I was more referring to the terrible brokenness of these in xetex. – Will Robertson Nov 16 '10 at 15:18