How to align, enlarge and center the following contents?

Question

I want to

align 2 and 4 with the red lines on their right.
vertically enlarge the middle column to provide well balanced space for its contents.
vertically center the contents in the third column.

\documentclass[preview,varwidth,border=12pt]{standalone}
\usepackage[a5paper,margin=5mm]{geometry}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{array}
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.5}
\begin{document}
\begin{tabular}{|>{\centering}m{0.3\linewidth}|>{\centering}m{0.3\linewidth}|>{\centering}m{0.2\linewidth}|}\hline
A pair of points & Slope & Type \tabularnewline\hline\hline
$
\begin{array}{@{}c@{(}c@{}c@{,}c@{}c@{)}c@{}}
A&&2&&-3&\
B&&-1&&4&
\end{array}$ & 
$
\begin{aligned}
m   &= \frac{y_B-y_A}{x_B-x_A}\
    &= \frac{4-(-3)}{-1-2}\
    &= -\frac{7}{3}
\end{aligned}
$ & Decreasing \tabularnewline\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{document}

Note: My code above might be semantically wrong. Any modification is welcome.

I've taken the liberty of changing "$500" to "500 TeX.SE rep points", as I felt that the original announcement was, while eye-catching, also rather misleading. — Mico, Oct 04 '20 at 15:52

score 6 · Accepted Answer · answered Oct 04 '20 at 13:48

No vertical rule, no double rules.
No m type, one can use w{c}.
Use a local macro in order to ease inputting the coordinates.
Add some vertical space between the points.
Increase the value of \jot in order to increase the distance between rows in aligned.
Add some vertical space below the middle rule and above the bottom rule.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{array,booktabs}
\begin{document}
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{
  @{}
  w{c}{0.33333\columnwidth}
  @{}
  w{c}{0.33333\columnwidth}
  @{}
  w{c}{0.33333\columnwidth}
  @{}
}
\toprule
A pair of points & Slope & Type \
\midrule
\addlinespace
$\setlength{\arraycolsep}{0pt}
\newcommand{\point}[3]{#1&(&#2&,{}&#3&)}
\begin{array}{ r r r l r r }
  \point{A}{2}{-3} \[2ex]
  \point{B}{-1}{4}
\end{array}$
& 
$\addtolength{\jot}{6pt}\begin{aligned}
m   &= \frac{y_B-y_A}{x_B-x_A}\
    &= \frac{4-(-3)}{-1-2}\
    &= -\frac{7}{3}
\end{aligned}$
&
Decreasing \
\addlinespace
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\end{document}

When would I need to use column type w instead of m to have vertical centering? — Diaa, Oct 06 '20 at 15:55

score 3 · Answer 2 · answered Oct 06 '20 at 13:10

A approach that uses stackengine in the left column, and eliminates the m columns to achieve vertical centering. Also \addstackgap was used to add vertical buffer above/below the middle column.

\documentclass[preview,varwidth,border=12pt]{standalone}
\usepackage[a5paper,margin=5mm]{geometry}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{tabstackengine}
\TABstackMath
\setstackgap{L}{1.2\normalbaselineskip}
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.5}
\begin{document}
\begingroup\tabcolsep=30pt
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}\hline
A pair of points & Slope & Type \tabularnewline\hline\hline
\Matrixstack[r]{
A(&2,& -3)\\
B(&-1,& 4)
} & 
\addstackgap[5pt]{$
\begin{aligned}
m   &= \frac{y_B-y_A}{x_B-x_A}\\[4pt]
    &= \frac{4-(-3)}{-1-2}\\[4pt]
    &= -\frac{7}{3}
\end{aligned}$}
 & Decreasing \tabularnewline\hline
\end{tabular}\endgroup
\end{document}

score 2 · Answer 3 · answered Oct 04 '20 at 13:37

Here's a way with cellspace, in the place of \arraystretch, and \multirow:

\documentclass[preview,varwidth,border=12pt]{standalone}
\usepackage[a5paper, margin=5mm]{geometry}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{cellspace}
\setlength{\cellspacetoplimit}{4pt}
\setlength{\cellspacebottomlimit}{4pt}
\newcolumntype{M}[1]{S{m{#1}}}
\usepackage{multirow}
\begin{document}
\begin{tabular}{|wc{0.3\linewidth}| >{\centering}M{0.3\linewidth}|wc{0.2\linewidth}|}\hline
A pair of points & Slope & Type \tabularnewline\hline\hline
\multirow{3.9}{=}{\centering$\begin{matrix}
A (\phantom{-}2,-3)\
B(-1,\phantom{-}4)
\end{matrix}$} &
$ \begin{aligned}
m &= \frac{y_B-y_A}{x_B-x_A}\
    &= \frac{4-(-3)}{-1-2}\
    &= -\frac{7}{3}
\end{aligned} $ & 
\multirow{4}{=}{\centering Decreasing} \tabularnewline\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{document}

BambOo · Answer 4 · 2020-10-05T07:33:37.207

Here is a very basic proposal, mostly based on empheq and booktabs. It requires little tweaking to reach the expected result. The alignment of the left column contents is done using \hphantoms

% arara: lwpdflatex
\documentclass[preview,varwidth,border=12pt]{standalone}
\usepackage[a5paper,margin=5mm]{geometry}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{empheq}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\begin{document}
\begin{tabular}{ccc}\toprule
A pair of points & Slope & Type\\midrule
\parbox{0.2\paperwidth}{
\begin{empheq}{align}
    A(\hphantom{-}2,-3)\
    B(-1,\hphantom{-}4)
\end{empheq}
} 
& 
\parbox{0.2\paperwidth}{
 \begin{empheq}{align}
 m   &= \frac{y_B-y_A}{x_B-x_A}\
     &= \frac{4-(-3)}{-1-2}\
     &= -\frac{7}{3}
 \end{empheq}
}
 & Decreasing\\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{document}

I thought you wanted to align the 2 and the 4, but now I guess it is not your objective — BambOo, Oct 04 '20 at 15:16

Zarko · Answer 5 · 2020-10-06T13:26:05.363

With cellspace and adjustbox:

\documentclass[preview,border=12pt]{standalone}
\usepackage[a5paper, margin=5mm]{geometry}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage[column=O]{cellspace}
\newcolumntype{M}[1]{>{\centering}O{m{#1}}}
\usepackage{adjustbox}
\begin{document}
{
    \setlength\arraycolsep{0pt}
    \setlength{\cellspacetoplimit}{4pt}
    \setlength{\cellspacebottomlimit}{4pt}
\begin{tabular}{| c | Oc | c |}
    \hline
\text{A pair of points}
                & \text{Slope}
                        & Type  \tabularnewline
    \hline\hline
\adjustbox{valign=c,array=rrr}      % <-------
{%
A( &  2, & -3)\
B( & -1, &  4)\
}   &   $\begin{aligned}
    m & =  \frac{y_B-y_A}{x_B-x_A}\
      & =  \frac{4-(-3)}{-1-2}\
      & = -\frac{7}{3}
    \end{aligned}$  &   Decreasing  \
    \hline
    \end{tabular}
}
\end{document}

or with makecell, tabularx and adjustbox:

\documentclass[preview,border=12pt]{standalone}
\usepackage[a5paper, margin=5mm]{geometry}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{makecell, tabularx}
    \newcolumntype{C}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X}
\usepackage{adjustbox}
\begin{document}
    \setlength\arraycolsep{0pt}
    \setcellgapes{3pt}
    \makegapedcells
\begin{tabular}{| C | C | C |}
    \Xhline{1.2pt}
\text{A pair of points}
                & \text{Slope}
                        & Type  \tabularnewline
    \Xhline{0.8pt}
\adjustbox{valign=c,array=rrr}       % <-------
{%
A( &  2, & -3)\
B( & -1, &  4)\
}   &   $\begin{aligned}
    m & =  \frac{y_B-y_A}{x_B-x_A}\
      & =  \frac{4-(-3)}{-1-2}\
      & = -\frac{7}{3}
    \end{aligned}$  &   Decreasing  \
    \Xhline{1.2pt}
    \end{tabular}
\end{document}

or with booktabs and adjustbox:

\documentclass[preview,border=12pt]{standalone}
\usepackage[a5paper, margin=5mm]{geometry}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{array, booktabs}
\usepackage{adjustbox}
\begin{document}
{
    \setlength\arraycolsep{0pt}
\begin{tabular}{ c c  c }
    \toprule
\text{A pair of points}
                & \text{Slope}
                        & Type  \tabularnewline
    \midrule
\adjustbox{valign=c,array=rrr}      % <-------
{%
A( &  2, & -3)\
B( & -1, &  4)\
}   &   $\begin{aligned}
    m & =  \frac{y_B-y_A}{x_B-x_A}\
      & =  \frac{4-(-3)}{-1-2}\
      & = -\frac{7}{3}
    \end{aligned}$  &   Decreasing  \
    \bottomrule
    \end{tabular}
}
\end{document}

Mico · Answer 6 · 2020-10-04T19:43:51.900

Some suggestions:

use a tabularx environment and a centered version of the X column type for all three columns
drop the instruction \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.5}
for column #1, set \setlength\arraycolsep{0pt} and use an array with three r-type columns; make sure to insert a bit of whitespace between "2," and "-3"
for column #2, keep using an aligned environment, but increase the value of jot
no need to do anything special for the contents of column #3
omit all vertical rules and use few, but well-spaced, horizontal rules with the help of the macros of the booktabs package

\documentclass[preview,varwidth,border=12pt]{standalone}
\usepackage[a5paper,margin=5mm]{geometry}
\usepackage{amsmath}
% new:
\usepackage{tabularx,booktabs}
\newcolumntype{C}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X}
\begin{document}
\noindent
\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{@{} CCC @{}}
\toprule
A pair of points & Slope & Type \
\midrule
\setlength\arraycolsep{0pt}
$\begin{array}{rrr}
  A(& 2,&,-3) \
  B(&-1,&   4)
\end{array}$  &
\addtolength\jot{4pt}
$\begin{aligned}
  m &=  \frac{y_B-y_A}{x_B-x_A} \
    &=  \frac{4-(-3)}{-1-2} \
    &= -\frac{7}{3}
\end{aligned}$  & 
Decreasing   \
\bottomrule
\end{tabularx}
\end{document}

score 0 · Answer 7 · answered Sep 08 '21 at 00:41

An alternative solution with tblr environment of tabularray package:

\documentclass[preview,varwidth,border=12pt]{standalone}
\usepackage[a5paper,margin=5mm]{geometry}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{tabularray}
\UseTblrLibrary{booktabs}
\begin{document}
\begin{tblr}{Q[m,c,0.3\linewidth]Q[m,c,0.3\linewidth]Q[m,c,0.2\linewidth]}
\toprule
A pair of points & Slope & Type \
\midrule
$\begin{tblr}{colsep=0pt, colspec={rrr}}
A(& 2,,&-3) \
B(&-1,,& 4) \
\end{tblr}$ & 
$\begin{aligned}
m   &= \frac{y_B-y_A}{x_B-x_A}\
    &= \frac{4-(-3)}{-1-2}\
    &= -\frac{7}{3}
\end{aligned}
$ & Decreasing \
\bottomrule
\end{tblr}
\end{document}

How to align, enlarge and center the following contents?

7 Answers7

Linked