As you can see in the image below, there is too much gap between paragraphs and lists. It is also true for equations that are centered in a line and for the distance between a level 1 list element and a level 2 list element. How do I adjust this spacing? I am looking for a global solution, using \vspace for each one is a daunting task that also messes up spacing further.

List of packages employed can be found here.
In this particular case, there is no point in sharing the document as it is just a simple list with no modifications.
Removing \doublespacing results in saner gaps but I need double spacing. Is there a way to add double spacing so that it does not affect the gap?
\documentclassand ends with\end{document}. Please also state whether you employ a LaTeX package, such asenumitemorenumerate, that simplifies making modifications to the appearance of enumerated and itemized lists. – Mico Apr 14 '21 at 22:16\flushbottomand have placed a non floating, not breakable object at the top of the following page so tex has to stretch the page you show. You could use\flushbottomto allow the page to be short, or correct the unbreakable object that is forcing a bad page break. – David Carlisle Apr 14 '21 at 23:04\flushbottomto your preamble so that excess space is added at the bottom of the page not between paragraphs. – David Carlisle Apr 15 '21 at 06:59hyperrefshould be the last package to be loaded. If you are a beginnger, don't mess with\parindentand\parskip, they are there for a reason and then you don't need\vspaceall over the place. Additionally none of you\\has any use here. If you ever feel the need to use\\in the text, then you're doing something wrong. – daleif Apr 15 '21 at 09:59parindentis used because I find the default indentation too small. Though, I don't know how\parskipcan make a differenc here but it moves a large table next page, leaving a page almost fully blank. As forvspace, it is necessary because LaTeX moves the title down otherwise. – abtoiew Apr 15 '21 at 10:20