I'm trying to draw the following in Tikz and I am so completely lost...
and
Could someone shed some light as to how to do this? Or point me to the resource that would have more info on drawing this? I tried looking around on the internet, but haven't come across anything that actually helped.
Thanks!
Surely not the way to build charts with TikZ and not the best solution. The tool I often refer to is called Mathcha (https://www.mathcha.io/editor) which provides a direct TikZ code after drawing carefully and with a lot of patience. Unfortunately the coordinates are not always correct and I have fixed them one by one. I recommend Mathcha for those who want to draw and have almost immediate results. I have created only the first diagram.
\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\begin{document}
\begin{center}
\tikzset{every picture/.style={line width=0.75pt}} \begin{tikzpicture}[x=0.75pt,y=0.75pt,yscale=-1,xscale=1]
%uncomment if require: \path (0,300); %set diagram left start at 0, and has height of 300
%Straight Lines [id:da8411742429738045]
\draw [dash pattern={on 0.84pt off 2.51pt}] (104,86) -- (104,56) ;
%Shape: Circle [id:dp408553980849764]
\draw (54,94) .. controls (54,80.19) and (65.19,69) .. (79,69) .. controls (92.81,69) and (104,80.19) .. (104,94) .. controls (104,107.81) and (92.81,119) .. (79,119) .. controls (65.19,119) and (54,107.81) .. (54,94) -- cycle ;
%Shape: Circle [id:dp10859013186817124]
\draw (104,94) .. controls (104,80.19) and (115.19,69) .. (129,69) .. controls (142.81,69) and (154,80.19) .. (154,94) .. controls (154,107.81) and (142.81,119) .. (129,119) .. controls (115.19,119) and (104,107.81) .. (104,94) -- cycle ;
%Straight Lines [id:da47546446225758165]
\draw [dash pattern={on 0.84pt off 2.51pt}] (10,86) -- (10,56) ;
%Straight Lines [id:da6770539204584274]
\draw [dash pattern={on 0.84pt off 2.51pt}] (292,86) -- (292,56) ;
%Shape: Ellipse [id:dp3195291141052665]
\draw (242,94) .. controls (242,80.19) and (253.19,69) .. (267,69) .. controls (280.81,69) and (292,80.19) .. (292,94) .. controls (292,107.81) and (280.81,119) .. (267,119) .. controls (253.19,119) and (242,107.81) .. (242,94) -- cycle ;
%Shape: Ellipse [id:dp9967480702431553]
\draw (292,94) .. controls (292,80.19) and (303.19,69) .. (317,69) .. controls (330.81,69) and (342,80.19) .. (342,94) .. controls (342,107.81) and (330.81,119) .. (317,119) .. controls (303.19,119) and (292,107.81) .. (292,94) -- cycle ;
%Shape: Ellipse [id:dp5127189371988996]
\draw [fill={rgb, 255:red, 0; green, 0; blue, 0 } ,fill opacity=1 ] (549.26,94) .. controls (549.26,92.34) and (550.6,91) .. (552.26,91) .. controls (553.92,91) and (555.26,92.34) .. (555.26,94) .. controls (555.26,95.66) and (553.92,97) .. (552.26,97) .. controls (550.6,97) and (549.26,95.66) .. (549.26,94) -- cycle ;
%Shape: Ellipse [id:dp9561553637864431]
\draw (342,94) .. controls (342,80.19) and (353.19,69) .. (367,69) .. controls (380.81,69) and (392,80.19) .. (392,94) .. controls (392,107.81) and (380.81,119) .. (367,119) .. controls (353.19,119) and (342,107.81) .. (342,94) -- cycle ;
%Shape: Ellipse [id:dp45861864226599414]
\draw (192,94) .. controls (192,80.19) and (203.19,69) .. (217,69) .. controls (230.81,69) and (242,80.19) .. (242,94) .. controls (242,107.81) and (230.81,119) .. (217,119) .. controls (203.19,119) and (192,107.81) .. (192,94) -- cycle ;
%Shape: Ellipse [id:dp0988051411215658]
\draw [fill={rgb, 255:red, 0; green, 0; blue, 0 } ,fill opacity=1 ] (477,94) .. controls (477,92.34) and (478.34,91) .. (480,91) .. controls (481.66,91) and (483,92.34) .. (483,94) .. controls (483,95.66) and (481.66,97) .. (480,97) .. controls (478.34,97) and (477,95.66) .. (477,94) -- cycle ;
%Shape: Ellipse [id:dp11886840420878109]
\draw [fill={rgb, 255:red, 0; green, 0; blue, 0 } ,fill opacity=1 ] (339,94) .. controls (339,92.34) and (340.34,91) .. (342,91) .. controls (343.66,91) and (345,92.34) .. (345,94) .. controls (345,95.66) and (343.66,97) .. (342,97) .. controls (340.34,97) and (339,95.66) .. (339,94) -- cycle ;
%Shape: Ellipse [id:dp19568934535676985]
\draw [fill={rgb, 255:red, 0; green, 0; blue, 0 } ,fill opacity=1 ] (239,94) .. controls (239,92.34) and (240.34,91) .. (242,91) .. controls (243.66,91) and (245,92.34) .. (245,94) .. controls (245,95.66) and (243.66,97) .. (242,97) .. controls (240.34,97) and (239,95.66) .. (239,94) -- cycle ;
%Shape: Ellipse [id:dp519035060267867]
\draw (430,94) .. controls (430,80.19) and (441.19,69) .. (455,69) .. controls (468.81,69) and (480,80.19) .. (480,94) .. controls (480,107.81) and (468.81,119) .. (455,119) .. controls (441.19,119) and (430,107.81) .. (430,94) -- cycle ;
%Shape: Arc [id:dp8938793326139265]
\draw [draw opacity=0] (533.99,117.98) .. controls (544.29,115.63) and (552.01,105.79) .. (552.01,94) .. controls (552.01,82.39) and (544.51,72.66) .. (534.44,70.13) -- (529.26,94) -- cycle ; \draw (533.99,117.98) .. controls (544.29,115.63) and (552.01,105.79) .. (552.01,94) .. controls (552.01,82.39) and (544.51,72.66) .. (534.44,70.13) ;
%Shape: Arc [id:dp3616364284502658]
\draw [draw opacity=0] (499.57,118.69) .. controls (488.63,116.23) and (480.45,106.46) .. (480.45,94.78) .. controls (480.45,83.3) and (488.35,73.66) .. (499,71) -- (504.96,94.78) -- cycle ; \draw (499.57,118.69) .. controls (488.63,116.23) and (480.45,106.46) .. (480.45,94.78) .. controls (480.45,83.3) and (488.35,73.66) .. (499,71) ;
%Straight Lines [id:da41098401763714265]
\draw [dash pattern={on 0.84pt off 2.51pt}] (515,87) -- (515,57) ;
%Shape: Ellipse [id:dp16094554800960137]
\draw (552.26,94) .. controls (552.26,80.19) and (563.45,69) .. (577.26,69) .. controls (591.07,69) and (602.26,80.19) .. (602.26,94) .. controls (602.26,107.81) and (591.07,119) .. (577.26,119) .. controls (563.45,119) and (552.26,107.81) .. (552.26,94) -- cycle ;
% Text Node
\draw (97.2,83.4) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] {$\blacklozenge$};
% Text Node
\draw (94.6,32.4) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] {$A_{n}$};
% Text Node
\draw (-1,32.4) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] {$A_{n}$};
% Text Node
\draw (3.5,83.4) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] {$\blacklozenge$};
% Text Node
\draw (281,32.4) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] {$A_{n}$};
% Text Node
\draw (285.1,83.4) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] {$\blacklozenge$};
% Text Node
\draw (504.6,84.4) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] {$\cdots $};
% Text Node
\draw (481,32.4) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] {$n-1\times \mathbb{P}_{1}$};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}
\end{document}
\draw (x,y) circle (radius). The connection points can be nodes on the same grid. The text can be a centered\nodeon a position above the connection points. Then what remains is the half circles around the ellipsis, there you could look at https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/330580/drawing-a-semicircle-in-tikz for example. – Marijn Jun 08 '21 at 16:59