Short answer. After plotting the three line You know the intersection points A(1,2), B(2,0) and C(4,3). So add the line:
\fill[gray] (1,2)--(2,0)--(4,3)--cycle;
(Almost) full answer.
\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}[font=\sffamily\small]
%
\draw[gray!20,step=0.5cm] (-6.5,-2) grid (6.5,6.5);
%
\draw[->,thick] (-6.6,0) -- (6.6,0) node[anchor=west]{$x$};
\draw[->,thick] (0,-2) -- (0,6.6) node[anchor=south]{$y$};
%
\foreach \x in {-6,-5,...,6} \draw [thick](\x cm,-2pt) -- (\x cm,2pt);
\foreach \y in {-2,-1,...,6} \draw thick -- (2pt,\y);
%
\foreach \x in {-6,-5,...,6} \draw (\x cm, 0 cm) node[anchor=north]{\x};
\foreach \y in {-2,-1,...,6} \draw (0 cm, \y cm) node[anchor=east]{\y};
\fill[gray] (1,2)--(2,0)--(4,3)--cycle;
\clip (-6.5,-2) rectangle (6.5,6.5);
\draw[cyan,line width=2pt] plot[domain=-6.5:6.5] (\x,{\x/3+5/3});
\draw[cyan,line width=2pt] plot[domain=-6.5:6.5] (\x,{-2*\x+4});
\draw[cyan,line width=2pt] plot[domain=-6.5:6.5] (\x,{3*\x/2-3});
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}
\end{document}
Output:

- from 1 to 2 for lines A and B;
- grom 2 to 3 for lines C and B.
– Raffaele Santoro Sep 01 '23 at 14:00