You could redefine the \beamer@framezoom macro. See the line I marked with % <- change here to change the colour and linewidth.
\documentclass{beamer}
\makeatletter
\def\beamer@framezoom<#1><#2>#3(#6,#7){%
\par\nointerlineskip%
\global\beamer@slidehaszoomtrue%
\advance\beamer@zoomcount by1\relax%
\def\beamer@zoomborderwidth{0}%
\edef\beamer@labelzoomed{beamer@labelzoomed@\the\beamer@zoomframecount @\the\beamer@zoomcount}%
\setkeys{beamerzoom}{#3}%
\only<#1>{%
{\hypersetup{pdfhighlight={/P},allbordercolors=alerted text.fg,pdfborder={0 0 3}}% <- change here
\global\setbox@tempboxa=\vbox{\hyperlink{\beamer@labelzoomed}{%
\expandafter\ifx\csname XeTeXrevision\endcsname\relax%
\else%
\special{pdf:xann width #6 height #7 depth 0pt}%
\fi%
\vbox to #7{%
\hbox to#6{\hfil}%
\vfil%
}%
}}}%
\ht@tempboxa=0pt%
\wd@tempboxa=0pt%
\dp@tempboxa=0pt%
\setbox@tempboxa=\vbox{\moveright#4\hbox{\lower#5\vbox{\box@tempboxa}}}%
\ht@tempboxa=0pt%
\wd@tempboxa=0pt%
\dp@tempboxa=0pt%
\global\setbox\beamer@zoombox=\vbox to0pt{\unvbox\beamer@zoombox\box@tempboxa}%
}%
\only<#2>{%
@ifundefined{\beamer@labelzoomed}%
{%
\hypertarget{\beamer@labelzoomed}{}%
\expandafter\gdef\csname\beamer@labelzoomed\endcsname{}%
}{}%
\gdef\beamer@zoomer{%
% compute zoom factor
@tempdima=\beamer@frametextheight%
@tempdimb=#7\relax%
@tempcnta=@tempdimb%
\divide@tempcnta by4096\relax%
\multiply@tempdima by16\relax%
\divide@tempdima by@tempcnta%
@tempdimb=\paperwidth%
\ifbeamer@plainframe%
\else%
\advance@tempdimb by-\beamer@leftsidebar%
\advance@tempdimb by-\beamer@rightsidebar\relax%
\fi%
@tempdimc=#6\relax%
@tempcntb=@tempdimc%
\divide@tempcntb by4096\relax%
\multiply@tempdimb by16\relax%
\divide@tempdimb by@tempcntb%
\ifdim@tempdimb<@tempdima%
@tempdima=@tempdimb%
\fi%
\edef\beamer@temp{\strip@pt@tempdima}%
@tempdimc=\beamer@frametextheight%
\advance@tempdimc by4pt%
@tempdimb=\paperwidth%
\ifbeamer@plainframe%
\else%
\advance@tempdimb by-\beamer@leftsidebar%
\advance@tempdimb by-\beamer@rightsidebar\relax%
\fi%
\setbox@tempboxa=\vbox{\hsize=@tempdimb\Acrobatmenu{GoBack}{\vbox to
\beamer@frametextheight{\hbox to@tempdimb{\hfil}\vfil}}}%
\ht@tempboxa=0pt%
\wd@tempboxa=0pt%
\dp@tempboxa=0pt%
\setbox\beamer@framebox=\vbox to\beamer@frametextheight{{%
\ifbeamer@plainframe\beamer@leftmargin=\Gm@lmargin\fi%
\begin{pgfpicture}{\beamer@leftmargin}{-\beamer@frametextheight}{\beamer@leftmargin}{0pt}
\pgftext[left,top]{\box@tempboxa}
\pgfpathrectangle{\pgfpoint{0pt}{-@tempdimc}}{\pgfpoint{@tempdimb}{@tempdimc}}%
\pgfusepath{clip}
\begingroup
\pgftransformscale{\beamer@temp}
@tempdima=#4\relax%
@tempdimb=#5\relax%
{\pgftransformshift{\pgfpoint{-@tempdima}{@tempdimb}}%
\pgftext[left,top]{\vbox{\vbox{}\nointerlineskip\unvbox\beamer@framebox}}}
\endgroup
\end{pgfpicture}%
}}%
\setbox\beamer@framebox=\vbox{%
\nobreak\vbox{}\nobreak\par\nobreak\beamer@entrycode\nobreak%
\nointerlineskip\unvbox\beamer@frametitlebox%
\nobreak%
\box\beamer@framebox%
\nobreak%
\vss%
\beamer@exitcode%
}%
\global\setbox\beamer@footins=\box\voidb@x% no footnotes in zoomed slides
}%
}%
}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\begin{frame}
\framezoom<1><2>border(2cm,1.5cm)
\pgfimage[height=6cm]{example-grid-100x100bp.pdf}
\end{frame}
\end{document}
