72

I have a diagram of 4 nodes in my beamer slide.

  \begin{figure}[h]
  \begin{centering}
  \begin{tikzpicture}[system/.style={draw,rectangle,rounded corners=3,minimum width=2cm,text width=1.8cm,text centered}]
    \node [system] (fe) {Feature Extraction};
    \node [system] (am) [right=of fe] {Acoustic Model};
    \node [system] (lm) [right=of am] {Language Model};
    \node [system] (d) [below=of lm] {Decoder};

    \draw[->] (fe) |- (am);
    \draw[->] (am) |- (d);
    \draw[->] (lm) -- (d.north);

  \end{tikzpicture}
  \end{centering}
  \end{figure}

How can I in a second slide "highlight" one of the nodes, like I can do with <alert@n> for a item in a list?

With highlighting I mean for example giving a color and thickening the lines.

Peter Smit
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2 Answers2

95

I used to do this according to Andrew's solution until I read his note #2, and it reminded me that PGF's keys can do pretty much anything. The key (excuse the pun) is to create a key that processes other keys conditional on the slide number:

\tikzset{onslide/.code args={<#1>#2}{%
  \only<#1>{\pgfkeysalso{#2}} 
}}

Using \pgfkeysalso doesn't reset the current key path, whereas \pgfkeys or \tikzset would. The .code args key handler means that

onslide=<overlay specification>{keys}

causes the the following code to be expanded:

\only<overlay specification>{\pgfkeysalso{keys}}

Then you can use the key onslide=<overlay specification>{keys} to set keys only on specific slides. The slightly inelegant twist is that if your overlay specification contains commas the entire pair of overlay spec and keys has to be embraced.

Here is a complete example:

\documentclass{beamer}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}

\tikzset{onslide/.code args={<#1>#2}{%
  \only<#1>{\pgfkeysalso{#2}} % \pgfkeysalso doesn't change the path
}}
\tikzset{temporal/.code args={<#1>#2#3#4}{%
  \temporal<#1>{\pgfkeysalso{#2}}{\pgfkeysalso{#3}}{\pgfkeysalso{#4}} % \pgfkeysalso doesn't change the path
}}

\tikzstyle{highlight}=[red,ultra thick]


\begin{document}
\begin{frame}
 \begin{figure}[h]
  \begin{centering}
  \begin{tikzpicture}[
    system/.style={draw,rectangle,rounded corners=3,minimum width=2cm,text width=1.8cm,text centered},
    node distance=2cm
  ]
    \node [system,onslide=<3->{highlight},anchor=center] (fe) {Feature Extraction};
    \node [system,onslide={<2,4>{green}}] (am) [right=of fe.center] {Acoustic Model};
    \node [system,temporal=<3>{blue}{highlight}{green}] (lm) [right=of am.center] {Language Model};
    \node [system] (d) [below=of lm.center] {Decoder};

    \draw[->] (fe) |- (am);
    \draw[->] (am) |- (d);
    \draw[->] (lm) -- (d.north);

  \end{tikzpicture}
  \end{centering}
  \end{figure}
\end{frame}
\end{document}

You will be disappointed about the jiggling of your picture when the line thickness keys are applied. You might have to avoid relative positioning to make that go away.

For more on key handlers like .code args, see the pgfkeys section of the TikZ-PGF manual.

Matthew Leingang
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    Fantastic! I'm going to use this in future. I clearly need to delve into the depths of pgfkeys to learn the Deeper Magic. To avoid the jiggling, but still use relative positioning, one could use the centres of the nodes for positioning rather than their edges. – Andrew Stacey Nov 29 '10 at 13:24
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    @Andrew: Thanks for the idea, and good point about the positioning fix. True confessions: I have the PGF manual loaded in iBooks so I can (and have) read it on my iPad on the train. – Matthew Leingang Nov 29 '10 at 13:30
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    Given my comment on this question: http://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/3/compiling-documents-online, I don't think that I would get much sympathy calling you a "PGF-Nerd" on that one! If I had an iPad, and used a mode of transport where it was safe to read such (not walking given our current weather), I'd probably do the same. – Andrew Stacey Nov 29 '10 at 14:07
  • I tried to modify this solution to work with the beamer command \temporal but failed. Of course one can use 3 onslide options to achieve the behavoir of \temporal. But still, can you add an example that uses \temporal directly? Thanks. – Tyson Williams Jan 04 '13 at 19:46
  • @TysonWilliams: See edits. – Matthew Leingang Feb 18 '13 at 01:43
  • Couldn't make the jiggling go away even with positioning from the center. I think maybe I'd have to manually set the bounding box. – Matthew Leingang Feb 18 '13 at 02:30
  • Can some one please add some explanation to onside/.code arg and temporal/.code arg? – NAASI Jun 29 '16 at 19:02
  • @NAASI: I added a sentence or two to what is there already. onside and temporal are just the names of the keys. .code args is a special key handler that creates a macro. – Matthew Leingang Jun 29 '16 at 20:20
  • @ Mattiew...can you tell me how can I adjust fill option in this example. I don't know how to change system/.style to get fill of 50% of given color – NAASI Jun 29 '16 at 20:23
  • @NAASI: that's a different question than the one on this page. You can search or write a new question, though. – Matthew Leingang Jun 29 '16 at 20:26
  • I agree that its a different question. Can you tell me how can I highlight boxes while keeping the text inside them in black – NAASI Jun 29 '16 at 20:37
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    I've noticed that this only seems to work if you put the \tikzset before \begin{document}. That is, I tried to place it just before my tikzpicture and got some errors... – Seamus Jan 31 '17 at 14:24
  • @Seamus This must have something to do with beamer's nonstandard expansion of frames. I think putting it in the preamble is the right thing to do anyway. – Matthew Leingang Jan 31 '17 at 20:11
  • Works perfectly in my case - thanks for the solution! – Dr. Manuel Kuehner Feb 21 '17 at 19:46
17

There are a few ways to do this, exactly which is best will depend on what you want the highlighting effect to be. One way is to have separate nodes with the two styles and then show one on one slide and one on the other. Another way is to define a style that is wrapped in an \only. Actually, using beamer's reimplementation of \newcommand, one can make \tikzset overlay-aware. Here's a couple of possibilities:

\documentclass{beamer}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}

\newcommand<>{\btikzset}[2]{\alt#3{\tikzset{#1}}{\tikzset{#2}}}

\tikzset{highlight/.style={red,fill=green,text=blue}}

\begin{document}
\begin{frame}
\begin{figure}[h]
  \begin{centering}
  \begin{tikzpicture}[system/.style={draw,rectangle,rounded corners=3,minimum width=2cm,text width=1.8cm,text centered}]
    \node [system] (fe) {Feature Extraction};
    \node<1> [system] (am) [right=of fe] {Acoustic Model};
    \node<2> [system,highlight] (am) [right=of fe] {Acoustic Model};
    \node [system] (lm) [right=of am] {Language Model};
    \node [system] (d) [below=of lm] {Decoder};

    \draw[->] (fe) |- (am);
    \draw[->] (am) |- (d);
    \draw[->] (lm) -- (d.north);

  \end{tikzpicture}
  \end{centering}
  \end{figure}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\begin{figure}[h]
  \begin{centering}
  \begin{tikzpicture}[system/.style={draw,rectangle,rounded corners=3,minimum width=2cm,text width=1.8cm,text centered}]
  \btikzset<2>{highlighton2/.style={highlight}}{highlighton2/.style={}}

    \node [system] (fe) {Feature Extraction};
    \node [system,highlighton2] (am) [right=of fe] {Acoustic Model};
    \node [system] (lm) [right=of am] {Language Model};
    \node [system] (d) [below=of lm] {Decoder};

    \draw[->] (fe) |- (am);
    \draw[->] (am) |- (d);
    \draw[->] (lm) -- (d.north);

  \end{tikzpicture}
  \end{centering}
  \end{figure}
\end{frame}
\end{document}

Notes:

  1. I found that \renewcommand<> didn't work, possibly because I was making \tikzset take two arguments - thus having it work like \alt rather than \only. This was to avoid complaints of unknown keys. An alternative would be to define an empty style, say highlightOn at the start and then have \tikzset map highlightOn to highlight on frame 2 and do nothing on other frames. This would work with \renewcommand<>:

    \renewcommand<>{\tikzset}[1]{\only#2{\beameroriginal{\tikzset}{#1}}}


\tikzset{highlight/.style={red,fill=green,text=blue}}
\tikzset{highlighton2/.style={}}

    Then in the frame:

    \tikzset<2>{highlighton2/.style={highlight}}

  2. Perhaps the truly elegant way would be to define a new key, "highlight on=", using the code handler. But I've only just learnt of the existence of that so I'll leave that solution to someone else.

Andrew Stacey
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