Multirow is not merging rows

Question

I am new to latex and I am trying to use multirow but it does not seem to work! It is not merging the rows and it's giving me a text when I define an empty cell for the merge. I also get an undefined control sequence

Here is the code:

\begin{table}[htb]
    \centering
    \begin{tabular}{|c|c|l|}
    \hline
    \multicolumn{3}{|c|}{\rule{0pt}{14pt} \textbf{{\large Tactical Planning (SND)}}} \\ \hline
    \multirow{2}{|c|}{{}} & \textbf{Reference} & \qquad \qquad \textbf{Solution Approach} \\ \hline
                        & \multicolumn{2}{|c|} {\rule{0pt}{12pt} \textbf{{Dynamic SND with a variable network structure}}} \\ \hline
    Deterministic       & \cite{bai_optimisation_2018,crainic_modeling_2015,inghels_service_2016,li_design-balanced_2017} & Mixed-integer programming \\ \hline
    Stochastic & \cite{bai_stochastic_2014,hewitt_scheduled_2019,hoff_metaheuristic_2010,wang_stochastic_2019} & Two-stage stochastic programming \\ \hline
    & \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{\rule{0pt}{12pt} \textbf{{Dynamic SND with a given network structure}}} \\ \hline
    \multirow{2}{|c|}{Deterministic} & \cite{duan_freight_2019}& Mixed-integer nonlinear programming \\ \hline
                                    &\cite{heggen_intermodal_2019,sun_bi-objective_2019} & Mixed integer programming \\ \hline
    \multirow{3}{|c|}{Stochastic} &\cite{hui_airfreight_2014, meng_carrying_2015} & Two-stage stochastic programming \\ \hline
                                & \cite{hrusovsky_hybrid_2018,layeb_simulation-optimization_2018,zhang_synchromodal_2016} & Simualtion/simulation optimization \\ \hline
                                &\cite{demir_green_2016,sun_bi-objective_2019,zhao_chance-constrained_2018} & Mixed integer programming \\ \hline
    & \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{\rule{0pt}{12pt} \textbf{{Non-dynamic SND with a given network structure}}} \\ \hline
    Deterministic & \cite{katayama_combined_2019,tawfik_bilevel_2019,wang_hybrid_2019,zetina_profit-oriented_2019} & Mixed integer programming \\ \hline
    Stochastic & \cite{gao_uncertain_2016,rahmaniani_accelerating_2018,sun_stochastic_2017} & Two-stage stochastic programming\\ \hline
    \end{tabular}
    \caption{Tactical Planning Problems (SND) and Solution Methodologies}
    \label{tab:tacticalsnd}
\end{table}

This is the table I get

and this is the table I would like to have (this was on MS word):

Welcome to TeX.SE :) // Can you please add the rest of code required to: a) copy and run your code, b) contains your problem? Makes it easier for the rest of us. Thanks — MS-SPO, Apr 26 '22 at 08:04
Welcome to TeX.SE, @Maria Rodriguez. You seem to be using cite. Are all citations correct? Did you load the necessary packages? Are you using multirow correct syntax? Did you test the syntax by itself before writing a lot of stuff altogether, so that you know where and when things stopped working? — FHZ, Apr 26 '22 at 08:11

score 1 · Accepted Answer · answered Apr 26 '22 at 08:26

Like this?

    \documentclass{article}
    \usepackage{multirow}
    \usepackage{cite}
\begin{document}

\begin{table}[htb]
    \centering
    \begin{tabular}{|c|c|l|}
    \hline
    \multicolumn{3}{|c|}{\rule{0pt}{14pt} \textbf{{\large Tactical Planning (SND)}}} \\ \hline
    \multirow{2}{*}{{}} &amp; \textbf{Reference} &amp; \qquad \qquad \textbf{Solution Approach} \\ \hline
                        &amp; \multicolumn{2}{|c|} {\rule{0pt}{12pt} \textbf{{Dynamic SND with a variable network structure}}} \\ \hline
    Deterministic &amp; \cite{bai_optimisation_2018,crainic_modeling_2015,inghels_service_2016,li_design-balanced_2017} &amp; Mixed-integer programming \\ \hline
    Stochastic &amp; \cite{bai_stochastic_2014,hewitt_scheduled_2019,hoff_metaheuristic_2010,wang_stochastic_2019} &amp; Two-stage stochastic programming \\ \hline
    &amp; \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{\rule{0pt}{12pt} \textbf{{Dynamic SND with a given network structure}}} \\ \hline
    \multirow{2}{*}{Deterministic} &amp; \cite{duan_freight_2019}&amp; Mixed-integer nonlinear programming \\ \cline{2-3}
                                    &amp;\cite{heggen_intermodal_2019,sun_bi-objective_2019} &amp; Mixed integer programming \\ \hline
    \multirow{3}{*}{Stochastic} &amp;\cite{hui_airfreight_2014, meng_carrying_2015} &amp; Two-stage stochastic programming \\ \cline{2-3}
                                &amp; \cite{hrusovsky_hybrid_2018,layeb_simulation-optimization_2018,zhang_synchromodal_2016} &amp; Simualtion/simulation optimization \\ \cline{2-3}
                                &amp;\cite{demir_green_2016,sun_bi-objective_2019,zhao_chance-constrained_2018} &amp; Mixed integer programming \\ \hline
    &amp; \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{\rule{0pt}{12pt} \textbf{{Non-dynamic SND with a given network structure}}} \\ \hline
    Deterministic &amp; \cite{katayama_combined_2019,tawfik_bilevel_2019,wang_hybrid_2019,zetina_profit-oriented_2019} &amp; Mixed integer programming \\ \hline
    Stochastic &amp; \cite{gao_uncertain_2016,rahmaniani_accelerating_2018,sun_stochastic_2017} &amp; Two-stage stochastic programming\\ \hline
    \end{tabular}
    \caption{Tactical Planning Problems (SND) and Solution Methodologies}
    \label{tab:tacticalsnd}
\end{table}

\end{document}

score 1 · Answer 2 · answered Apr 26 '22 at 08:38

Or like this:

With tabularray package is simple:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{tabularray}
\begin{document}
    \begin{table}[htb]
    \centering
\begin{tblr}{hlines, vlines,
              colspec = {ccl},
             row{1-3} = {font=\bfseries, c, bg=gray9}
             }
\SetCell[c=3]{font=\large\bfseries}  Tactical Planning (SND)
    &   &                                   \
    &   Reference
        &   Solution Approach               \
\SetCell[c=3]{font=\bfseries}    Dynamic SND with a variable network structure

    &   &                                       \
Deterministic
    &   \cite{bai_optimisation_2018,crainic_modeling_2015,inghels_service_2016,li_design-balanced_2017}
        &   Mixed-integer programming           \ 
Stochastic
    & \cite{bai_stochastic_2014,hewitt_scheduled_2019,hoff_metaheuristic_2010,wang_stochastic_2019}
        & Two-stage stochastic programming      \

\SetCell[c=3]{font=\bfseries, bg=gray9}    Dynamic SND with a given network structure 
    &   &                                       \

\SetCell[r=2]{c}    Deterministic 
    & \cite{duan_freight_2019}
        & Mixed-integer nonlinear programming   \

    & \cite{heggen_intermodal_2019,sun_bi-objective_2019}
        & Mixed integer programming             \

\SetCell[r=3]{c}    Stochastic 
    & \cite{hui_airfreight_2014, meng_carrying_2015}
        & Two-stage stochastic programming      \

    & \cite{hrusovsky_hybrid_2018,layeb_simulation-optimization_2018,zhang_synchromodal_2016}
        & Simualtion/simulation optimization    \
    &\cite{demir_green_2016,sun_bi-objective_2019,zhao_chance-constrained_2018}
        & Mixed integer programming             \
\SetCell[c=3]{font=\bfseries, bg=gray9}    Non-dynamic SND with a given network structure
    &   &                                       \
Deterministic
    & \cite{katayama_combined_2019,tawfik_bilevel_2019,wang_hybrid_2019,zetina_profit-oriented_2019}
        & Mixed integer programming             \ 
    Stochastic & \cite{gao_uncertain_2016,rahmaniani_accelerating_2018,sun_stochastic_2017}
        & Two-stage stochastic programming      \ 
    \end{tblr}
\caption{Tactical Planning Problems (SND) and Solution Methodologies}
    \label{tab:tacticalsnd}
\end{table}
\end{document}

Multirow is not merging rows

2 Answers2