In many equation editors (e.g. MS Word 2007 and Daum Equation Editor), there's a double square bracket. Is there a TeX equivalent for [[, ((, )), and ]]?
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3 Answers
If you only want then occasionally, perhaps you can just roll-your-own by using a little bit of negative space, like this
Maths in double brackets $[\![ e=mc^2 ]\!]$ or double parentheses $(\!( a^2 )\!)$.

Note that they will not scale nicely with \left and \right because of the fixed negative space.
If you'll be using them a lot, try using a package like stmaryrd that defines commands for these symbols, as recommended in the comments.
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{stmaryrd}
\begin{document}
\begin{equation}
\llbracket 1 \rrbracket \quad
\llparenthesis 2 \rrparenthesis \quad
\llceil 3 \rrceil \quad
\llfloor 4 \rrfloor \quad
\end{equation}
\end{document}

Note especially the fancier display for double parentheses.
As a side note, DeTeXify is getting better and better at recognizing these symbols, so you can check there for more package-based options.
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2thanks. for double parentheses I prefer the inner line be a curve to some extent like this one http://i.stack.imgur.com/bVfPz.png. however \llparenthesis is good. – Apr 08 '13 at 09:51
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Another option (from Detexify) is
\textlbrackdbland\textrbrackdblfrom\usepackage{textcomp}. My markdown editor includes this package but notstmaryrdwhich is handy! – Oliver Jul 31 '21 at 03:14
These commands are \lBrack/\rBrack, and either \lParen and \rParen or \llparenthesis and \rrparenthesis in unicode-math or several 8-bit packages, including stix, stix2 and fdsymbol. In Unicode, you can also use the symbols ⟦, ⦅, ⦇, etc.
You might find the \DeclarePairedDelimiter command from mathtools very convenient, especially if you need to specify a size.
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{newcomputermodern} % Loads unicode-math
\DeclarePairedDelimiter\Brackets{\lBrack}{\rBrack}
\DeclarePairedDelimiter\Parens{\lParen}{\rParen}
\begin{document}
\begin{gather}
\lBrack x \rBrack \quad \lParen y \rParen \quad
\llparenthesis z \rrparenthesis \
\Brackets{u} \quad \Parens{v}
\end{gather}
\end{document}
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\lParenand\rParenlook much nicer than\rrparenthesisand\rrparenthesis! – Maëlan May 13 '22 at 18:17

stmaryrdseems to have the symbols you're looking for.llparenthesis,llbracketfor example. – Sean Allred Apr 07 '13 at 12:04‖ ‖■‖ ‖(extensible) ■( ‖ )■〚〛■⟪ | ⟫■⟪ ⟫■⟪ ⟫without MnSymbol ■⟪ ⟫〚〛⦇ ⦈ ⦃ ⦄■‖ ⟫– user202729 Oct 26 '22 at 19:08