The following answer is based on your code, but please be aware that it is possibile to follow a completely different approach to solve your problem. You may, for example, get rid of the \title, \author, etc. macros and insert the same information in a normal or custom block enviroment, so to have more control over it. Anyway, the following code tries to follow your MWE:
\documentclass{beamer}
\usepackage[english]{babel}
\usepackage[orientation=portrait,size=a0]{beamerposter} %2378 x 1682
\mode<presentation>{%
\usetheme{Frankfurt}%
}
\usepackage{mwe}
\title[S. N. A. E. L.]
{
\parbox{.25\textwidth}{\includegraphics[height=4cm]{dummylogo.png}\hfill}%
\parbox{.5\textwidth}{\hfil \huge Social Network Analysis in English Literature\hfil}%
\parbox{.25\textwidth}{\hfill\includegraphics[height=2cm]{dummylogo.png}}%
}
\author{\Large Sean Allred}
\institute{\Large University College Dublin%
%\\An Col\'aiste Ollscoile, Baile \'Atha Cliath
}
\date{\Large 26 April 2013}
\begin{document}
\begin{frame}[t]{}
\begin{beamercolorbox}{}
\maketitle
\end{beamercolorbox}
\vskip 50mm
\begin{block}{Title}
\lipsum
\end{block}
\end{frame}
\end{document}

To set the space for the logos in the topleft and right corners three \parbox have been created inside \title. Depending on the length of the title it may be needed to change the parboxes width (in the example I used .25 for the left and right parboxes and .5 for the center one).
If you want the logo only on one side, just remove one of the two includegraphicsand leave the parbox empty.
To show the title in the same page of the content I insterted the \maketitle inside a beamercolorbox.
To change the text size you could use the standard commands (as I did in the example) or scale everything using the option scale=<value> when loading the beamerposter package
Removing external margins from the colorbox
\documentclass{beamer}
\usepackage[english]{babel}
\usepackage[orientation=portrait,size=a0]{beamerposter} %2378 x 1682
\mode<presentation>{%
\usetheme{Frankfurt}%
}
\usepackage{mwe}
\title[S. N. A. E. L.]
{
\parbox{.24\textwidth}{\hspace{5pt}\includegraphics[height=4cm]{dummylogo.png}\hfill}%
\parbox{.5\textwidth}{\hfil \huge Social Network Analysis in English Literature\hfil}%
\parbox{.24\textwidth}{\hfill\includegraphics[height=2cm]{dummylogo.png}}%
}
\author{\Large Sean Allred}
\institute{\Large University College Dublin%
}
\date{\Large 26 April 2013}
\setbeamersize{text margin left=0cm,text margin right=0cm} %removes left and right margins
\begin{document}
\begin{frame}[t]{}
\vspace{-5pt} %removes margin between headline and colorbox
\begin{beamercolorbox}{}
\maketitle
\end{beamercolorbox}
\vskip 50mm
\centering\begin{minipage}{82cm} %introduces a new margin for the content
\begin{block}{Title}
\lipsum
\end{block}
\end{minipage}
\end{frame}
\end{document}

:)– Sean Allred Apr 18 '13 at 13:24convert filename.svg filename.pngto make the question and logo as one entity.Hope its ok. your comment may be cleared as well incase you desire. – texenthusiast Apr 19 '13 at 06:09