I have a matrix shown below. I would like to have the whole row green rather than only the cells.
How can I do that?
\begin{equation}\label{eq:appendrow}
\newcommand\x{\times}
\newcommand\y{\colorbox{mygreen}{$1$}}
\left(\begin{array}{cccc}
\x & \x & \x & \x \\
0 & \x & \x & \x \\
0 & 0 & \x & \x \\
0 & 0 & 0 & \x \\
\y & \y & \y & \y \\
\end{array}\right)
\end{equation}
The output is:
You can use \rowcolor, \columncolor, and \cellcolor from the colortbl package, loaded in my example through the xcolor package:
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage[table]{xcolor}
\newcommand\x{\times}
\newcommand\y{\cellcolor{green!10}}
\begin{document}
\begin{equation}\label{eq:appendrow}
\left(\begin{array}{cccc}
\rowcolor{red!20}
\x & \x & \x & \x \\
0 & \x & \x & \x \\
\rowcolor{blue!20}
0 & 0 & \x & \x \\
0 & 0 & 0 & \x \\
\y a & b & \y c & d\\
\end{array}\right)
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
\left(\begin{array}{>{\columncolor{olive!20}}cc>{\columncolor{yellow!20}}cc}
\x & \x & \x & \x \\
0 & \x & \x & \x \\
0 & 0 & \x & \x \\
0 & 0 & 0 & \x \\
a & b & c & d \\
\end{array}\right)
\end{equation}
\end{document}
Another approach could be using the hf-tikz package.
Example:
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\newcommand\x{\times}
% requires version 0.3 of the package
\usepackage[customcolors]{hf-tikz}
\tikzset{style green/.style={
set fill color=green!50!lime!60,
set border color=white,
},
style cyan/.style={
set fill color=cyan!90!blue!60,
set border color=white,
},
style orange/.style={
set fill color=orange!80!red!60,
set border color=white,
},
hor/.style={
above left offset={-0.15,0.31},
below right offset={0.15,-0.125},
#1
},
ver/.style={
above left offset={-0.1,0.3},
below right offset={0.15,-0.15},
#1
}
}
\begin{document}
\begin{equation}\label{eq:appendrow}
\left(\begin{array}{cccc}
\x & \x & \x & \x \\
0 & \tikzmarkin[hor=style orange]{el} \x & \x\tikzmarkend{el} & \x \\
0 & 0 & \x & \x \\
0 & 0 & 0 & \x \\
\tikzmarkin[hor=style green]{row} a & b & c & d \tikzmarkend{row}\\
\end{array}\right)
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}\label{eq:appendcol}
\left(\begin{array}{cccc}
\tikzmarkin[ver=style cyan]{col 1}\x & \x & \tikzmarkin[ver=style green]{col 2} \x & \x \\
0 & \x & \x & \x \\
0 & 0 & \x & \x \\
0 & 0 & 0 & \x \\
a \tikzmarkend{col 1} & b & c \tikzmarkend{col 2} & d \\
\end{array}\right)
\end{equation}
\end{document}
Result:
Within {pNiceMatrix} of nicematrix, you have a command \Block which may be used for highlighting a part of the matrix.
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{nicematrix}
\begin{document}
$\begin{pNiceMatrix}[margin]
a & b & c & d \
\Block[fill=red!15,rounded-corners]{1-4}{}
a & b & c & d \
a & b & c & d \
a & b & \Block[draw,fill=blue!15,rounded-corners]{2-2}{}
c & d \
a & b & c & d \
\end{pNiceMatrix}$
\end{document}
You need several compilations (because nicematrix uses PGF/Tikz nodes under the hood).
I wanted to answer this post: how to obtain vertical and horizontal gray bars in a matrix? but it was closed as a duplicate of the one I'm answering now.
However, since here there's no a solution with a TikZ matrix yet:
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix, fit}
\usetikzlibrary{backgrounds}
\newcommand\x{\times}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\matrix[
matrix of math nodes,
row sep=.5ex,
column sep=.5ex,
left delimiter=(,right delimiter=),
nodes={text width=.75em, text height=1.75ex, text depth=.5ex, align=center}
] (m)
{
\x & \x & \x & \x \\
0 & \x & \x & \x \\
0 & 0 & \x & \x \\
0 & 0 & 0 & \x \\
1 & 1 & 1 & 1 \\
};
\begin{scope}[on background layer]
\node[fit=(m-2-1)(m-2-4), draw=green!30, fill=green!30, rounded corners] {};
\node[fit=(m-1-3)(m-5-3), draw=green!30, fill=green!30, rounded corners] {};
\node[fit=(m-2-3), fill=green] {};
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
Alternatively, a solution like Zarko's answer, with rounded corners:
\documentclass[tikz, margin=3mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix}
\usetikzlibrary{backgrounds}
\newcommand\x{\times}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\matrix [matrix of math nodes,
nodes={rectangle,
minimum size=1.2em, text depth=0.25ex,
inner sep=0pt, outer sep=0pt,
anchor=center},
column sep=-0.5\pgflinewidth,
row sep=-0.5\pgflinewidth,
inner sep=0pt,
left delimiter=(, right delimiter=),
row 2 column 2/.append style={nodes={draw=cyan,fill=cyan}},
] (m)
{
a_1 & \x & a_3 \\
a_4 & \x & a_6 \\
a_7 & \x & a_9 \\
};
\begin{scope}[on background layer]
\filldraw[cyan!50, rounded corners] (m-2-1.north west) --
(m-2-1.south west) -- (m-2-3.south east)-- (m-2-3.north east)--
cycle;
\filldraw[cyan!50, rounded corners] (m-1-2.north west) --
(m-3-2.south west) -- (m-3-2.south east)-- (m-1-2.north east)--
cycle;
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
matrix of math nodes: if i use minimum size=... instead of text width=..., text height=... i receive error: missing $ ... now i wonder why. i will try to investigate this more.
– Zarko
Feb 17 '18 at 21:58
left delimiter=(, right delimiter=),, than my experiment works, however, with this delimiters are lost:-(
– Zarko
Feb 17 '18 at 23:27
if the rounded border of bars is not essential, than an alternative to CarLaTeX answer, which is used as base in preparing mine, is:
\documentclass[tikz, margin=3mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix}
\newcommand\x{\times}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\matrix [matrix of math nodes,
nodes={rectangle, %draw, very thin,
minimum size=1.2em, text depth=0.25ex,
inner sep=0pt, outer sep=0pt,
fill opacity=0.5, text opacity=1,
anchor=center},
column sep=-0.5\pgflinewidth,
row sep=-0.5\pgflinewidth,
column 2/.append style = {nodes={fill=cyan!50}},
row 2/.append style = {nodes={fill=cyan!50}},
row 2 column 2/.append style={nodes={fill=cyan}},
inner sep=0pt,
left delimiter=(, right delimiter=),
]
{
a_1 & \x & a_3 \\
a_4 & \x & a_6 \\
a_7 & \x & a_9 \\
};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
(well, matrix is not original but from some my experiments), which gives:
addendum:
above answer contain some wrong assumptions: (i) how transparency work (on level of nodes it hasn't any sense, so better is not use it on such way); (ii) transparency had to be resolved on row 2 and column style definition (see mwe below) ; (iii) nodes with only fill should not overlap each other for edge lines width, so the sep=-0.5\pgflinewidth, row sep=-0.5\pgflinewidth had to be removed; (iv) from comparison of nodes definition in CarLaTeX answer and mine i recently observe important difference: nodes={text width=.75em, text height=1.75ex, text depth=.5ex, align=center} but i try to use in form nodes={minimum size=1.75ex, text depth=.5ex, align=center} where align=center cause error (removing it remove the error).
for comparison i left first mwe above as it is. corrected one is:
\documentclass[tikz, margin=3mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix}
\newcommand\x{\times}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\matrix [matrix of math nodes,
nodes={rectangle,
minimum size=1.5em, text depth=0.25ex,
inner sep=0pt, outer sep=0pt,
anchor=center},
row 2/.append style = {nodes={preaction={fill=cyan!30}}},
column 2/.append style = {nodes={fill=red!60},fill opacity=0.5, text opacity=1},
inner sep=0pt,
left delimiter=(, right delimiter=),
]
{
a_1 & \x & a_3 \\
a_4 & \x & a_6 \\
a_7 & \x & a_9 \\
};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
which gives:
An alternative solution with tblr environment of tabularray package:
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{tabularray}
\SetTblrInner{colsep=5pt,rowsep=1pt}
\newcommand\x{\times}
\begin{document}
\begin{equation}\label{eq:appendrow}
\left(\begin{tblr}{
colspec = {cccc},
row{1} = {red9},
row{3} = {blue9},
cell{5}{1,3} = {green9},
}
\x & \x & \x & \x \
0 & \x & \x & \x \
0 & 0 & \x & \x \
0 & 0 & 0 & \x \
a & b & c & d \
\end{tblr}\right)
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
\left(\begin{tblr}{Q[c,olive9]cQ[c,yellow9]c}
\x & \x & \x & \x \
0 & \x & \x & \x \
0 & 0 & \x & \x \
0 & 0 & 0 & \x \
a & b & c & d \
\end{tblr}\right)
\end{equation}
\end{document}
Thank you for your answer. I would like to share that tip. First I will explain the problem, and after that, I will post the solution.
If I do that:
\begin{equation}\label{eq:appendcol}
\left(\begin{array}{cccc}
\tikzmarkin[ver=style red]{col 1}\x & \x & \tikzmarkin[ver=style red]{col 2} \x & \x \\
0 & \x & \x & \x \\
0 & 0 & \x & \x \\
0 & 0 & 0 & \x \\
a \tikzmarkend{col 1} & b & c \tikzmarkend{col 2} & d \\
\end{array}\right)
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}\label{eq:appendcol}
\left(\begin{array}{cccc}
\tikzmarkin[ver=style red]{col 1}\x & \x & \tikzmarkin[ver=style red]{col 2} \x & \x \\
0 & \x & \x & \x \\
0 & 0 & \x & \x \\
0 & 0 & 0 & \x \\
a \tikzmarkend{col 1} & b & c \tikzmarkend{col 2} & d \\
\end{array}\right)
\end{equation}
Vertical highlighting continues from first matrix to second, invading the space between them. The result:
\begin{equation}\label{eq:appendcol}
\left(\begin{array}{cccc}
\tikzmarkin[ver=style red]{col 1}\x & \x & \tikzmarkin[ver=style red]{col 2} \x & \x \\
0 & \x & \x & \x \\
0 & 0 & \x & \x \\
0 & 0 & 0 & \x \\
a \tikzmarkend{col 1} & b & c \tikzmarkend{col 2} & d \\
\end{array}\right)
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}\label{eq:appendcol-second}
\left(\begin{array}{cccc}
\tikzmarkin[ver=style red]{col 1-a}\x & \x & \tikzmarkin[ver=style red]{col 2-a} \x & \x \\
0 & \x & \x & \x \\
0 & 0 & \x & \x \\
0 & 0 & 0 & \x \\
a \tikzmarkend{col 1-a} & b & c \tikzmarkend{col 2-a} & d \\
\end{array}\right)
\end{equation}
And this is the final solution:
Special thanks to @percusse and @claudio-fiandrino that helped me to solve the problem on that post:
Problems with matrix highlighting in two separate equations using hf-tikz
