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1500 questions
17
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Is there a difference between equilibrium and steady state?
The term equilibrium is used in the context of reversible reactions that reach a point where concentrations no longer change. The term steady-state is used in enzyme kinetics when the concentration of the enzyme-substrate complex no longer changes…
Karsten
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17
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How could the ideal gas law be discovered from experiments on real gases?
The gas laws, namely Boyle's Law, Charles' Law, Avogadro's Law and Gay-Lussac's Law, are all experimental laws. Combining these laws, we get the ideal gas law $pV=nRT$. Also, "real life" gases do not exactly follow this law, so there are more laws…
user44637
17
votes
2 answers
Electronegativity Considerations in Assigning Oxidation States
I have never seen anything other than a set of rules like these when textbooks present how to assign oxidation numbers. Such as these:
However, if we keep in mind that oxidation numbers are simply imaginary numbers which suppose all bonding to be…
Dissenter
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17
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Does aniline react with diazonium ions at C or N?
In the azo coupling of aniline with benzenediazonium cation, I thought of two possible products 1 and 2 that could be formed. However, I can't work out which will be preferred. What would be the major product and why?
Aditya Garg
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17
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Gaseous metals?
Metals form metallic bonds which explain many of their chemical and physical properties.
This is most familiar in the solid state but metallic properties are still quite recognizable in the liquid state e.g. mercury and molten iron.
However,…
badjohn
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16
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1 answer
IUPAC name of C₆(CH₃)₆²⁺
What is the correct IUPAC name (or least incorrect one, if the current rules can't precisely describe that) of the interesting species $\ce{[C6(CH3)6]^{2+}}$ (which is extensively discussed here), containing exotic hexacoordinate pyramidal…
mykhal
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16
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Mechanism of formation of 2-naphthol red dye (aka Sudan 1)
As you can see in the image diazonium can attack at 2 different positions to form different products then why only the first product is correct?
As there are two ortho positions available why does it attack only one?
I tried to draw the…
amish dua
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16
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2 answers
Why does adding salt to boiling water cause it to flare up suddenly?
I was expecting that the water would become less "boily" since the ions in $\ce{NaCl}$ would require energy to disassociate. Instead it turned whitish and the water level suddenly rose and then subsided. I think the white color can be attributed to…
Avyansh Katiyar
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16
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1 answer
How to count free rotatable bonds
I am having difficulties to count the number of free rotating bonds for the Lipinski and Veber rules. What are the rules in doing so?
In Vemurafenib (shown above), which bonds are considered rotatable? Do the sulfonamide N-S bond, or the single…
Adam
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16
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Number of stereoisomers of tetramethylspirononane
The above compound – 2,3,7,8-tetramethylspiro[4.4]nonane – clearly exhibits both optical and geometrical isomerism. The question is, how many stereoisomers does it have in all?
As the number of possibilities are many, I couldn't really visualise…
stoic-santiago
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16
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How sure can we be about the structure of purine?
While answering the question Basicities of nitrogen atoms in purine, I noticed, that there might be a rapid interchange of the hydrogen bonded to the nitrogen atoms.
I have found a crystal structure in D. G. Watson, R. M. Sweet and R. E. Marsh, Acta…
Martin - マーチン
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16
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1 answer
How are polarizabilities measured experimentally?
Most common spectroscopies that produce either a full spectrum, a tensor, or a scalar value have a specific instrument associated with them that is relatively self-contained and not custom. For example, (linear) IR spectra come from benchtop FT-IR…
pentavalentcarbon
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16
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1 answer
Does RedP+HI reduce all carbon functional groups to alkane?
I've seen the related questions 1 and 2, they're not duplicates
So. when introducing Red P+HI reduction, our teacher said that it is the strongest reducing agent, and it can reduce any functional group i.e. all of these: carboxylic acid, acid…
Gaurang Tandon
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16
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2 answers
Are all degenerate d-orbitals identical?
This discussion spun off from the comments to another question. The basic idea of that question was that electrons don't have a preferred order of filling in $p$ orbitals, i.e. the first electron will fill in the $p_x$ orbital just as well as it…
Gaurang Tandon
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16
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4 answers
Hierarchy of electronic wavefunctions
The previous question contained too much unnecessary information and was edited.
I am wondering about the "hierarchy" of wavefunctions. If one can combine atomic orbitals (AO) into molecular orbitals (MO) through the LCAO method, could one combine…
CHM
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